Hypertext Transfer Protocol

1)T.C.P(transmittion control protocol)-It is the language the computer uses to acess the internet. It is made up of protocalls which are made to establish a network of networks and provide a host with access to the internet. 1.2)I.P(Internet Protocol)-It is the way or protocol of how data is sent from one computer to another computer on the internet. 1.3)Physical Layer-the Physical layer is the interface between the medium and the device.It is made to transfer raw bits over a communication…

standards setup for wireless networking. They include four different standards including; 802.11a, 802.b, 802.11g and the most recent standard 802.11n. Each standard uses a frequency to connect to the network and has a defined upper limit for data transfer speeds. 802.11a – This was one of the first wireless standards. It operates in the 5GHz radio band and can achieve a maximum of 54Mbps. 802.11b – This was the more preferred choice because of the lower price and higher range. It operates in…

A routing loop is a situation that occurs between two or more routers in which a packet is continuously routed between the routers as a result of irregularities from the routing algorithms and/or the routing tables of the routers. (routing loops, 2015). An example is when three routers are connected in a triangular pattern i.e. router A is connected to router B, router B is connected to router C and router C is connected to router A, when the network is converged, all three routers will have…

can be processed. The congested routers can discard queued packets to make room for those that are arriving. 4. This layer divide the data into segments and also ensures that data must be received in the same sequence in which it was sent. The protocols that are used are TCP and UDP. The data link layer is responsible for encapsulation of packets into frames and then transferring them to the physical layer. It is also responsible for flow control and addressing. 5. A three-way handshake is…

Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) are a suite of protocols designed for large-scale internetworks that span LAN and WAN environments. TCP/IP are communication protocols that are used to handle traffic on the internet and other networks. The two most important protocols are the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) and the Internet Protocol (IP). These are today the standard networking protocols and were created from a synthesis of a number of earlier developments in the…

two major components to the MPLS architecture and they are control panel and data panel. The control panel has a complex function and is used to exchange the layer 3 routing information (RIP, OSPF, EIGRP, and IGRP) and labels (Label Distribution Protocol (LDP)). The data plane is used to forward the packets based on the destination address or labels. The routers that are capable of routing and switching in the MPLS domain are called LSR (Label Switch Routers). This routing and switching takes…

2.3 What is Protocol? Protocol is defined as a set of Rules which governs the communication to a network Between the Layers. In Order to establish a communication in a network Successfully, These are the Following Example: File Transfer Protocol, Simple Mail Transfer Protocol. 2.4 What is a protocol data unit (PDU)? Protocol Data Unit is the both the Data from Next Higher Communication layer and Total Control Information, in simple it the Combination of Bothe the Higher Layer and Information.…

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QUES 1. A router has the following CIDR entries in the routing table: Address/Mask Next Hop 135.46.56.0/22 Interface 0 135.46.60.0/22 Interface 1 192.53.40.0/23 Router 1 Default Router 2 For each of the following IP addresses, what does the router do if a packet with that address arrives? 1. 135.46.63.10 2. 135.46.57.14 3. 135.46.52.2 4. 192.53.40.7 5. 192.53.56.7 g entirely with bytes is much simpler than working with individual bits. Answers: 1. 135.46.63.10 Using the first 22 bits of it as…

Text Data Computers represent information using bits. A bit string is a sequence of zero or more bits. This information is encoded by the sender and will be transmitted. The receiver then decodes the information. Data sent may be corrupted along the way because noise may interfere every time an information is transmitted to any channel. A channel is the physical medium through which information is transmitted. Examples of channels include telephone lines, internet cables, fiber optic lines,…