Hydroxyl radical

The Cost of Nosocomial Infections in Health Care Research has shown that there were 462 deaths in 2013 related to airplane crashes; there are 205 deaths a day in US hospitals related to nosocomial infections. This could amount to almost 75,000 deaths in a year. In this day and age of advanced technology and medical knowledge, this is a frightening statistic. Part of the problem can be contributed to the continued overuse of antibiotics; some infections, such as Methicillin-resistant…

[58] Amodiaquine (62) is another potent quinoline derivative. Its p-hydroxyanilino moiety suffers enzymatic oxidation to quinone imine, a reactive metabolite. To overcome this problem, O’Neill group developed a series of isomers by interchange the hydroxyl group and the mannich side chain, which originated the GSK369796 (81) that entered in phase I of clinical trials.[59] Other quinoline derivatives such as 8-aminoquinoline (82) (Fig. 4.13) has a potent antimalarial activity including potency…

higher ash proportion in seaweed extract (SE) (aprox. 74%) could largely be accounted for by the lower moisture content, and probably due to a hygroscopic nature of the SE (Blanco-Pascual, Montero, & Gómez-Guillén, 2014). The values of TPC and DPPH radical-scavenging activity are consistent with literature (Andrade et al., 2013; Valentão et al., 2010) (Table 1). POD and PPO activities in the presence of extract solution are indicated in Table 1, were it is possible to observe that the extract…

Discovery of Ginkgo Biloba Ginkgo biloba or the Maidenhair Tree is a totally unique tree. It is the only surviving member of the Ginkgoaceae family and has no living relatives, making it to be completely isolated from the rest of the Plant Kingdom. To get a true sense of how isolated Ginkgo biloba is, this quote from http://www.kew.org/science-conservation/plants-fungi/ginkgo-biloba sums up its situation quite well, “Ginkgo biloba is the only member of its genus, which is the only genus in its…

This is attributed to the unsaponifiable matter com¬prising γ-Oryzanol, campesterol and β-sitosterols (Raghuram et al, 1989). RBO is shown to inhibit HMG (hydroxyl-methylglutaryl)-CoA reductase and up-regulated the expression of sterol regulatory element binding protein (SREBP)-2, which can modulates the cholesterol levels in plasma and tissues (Reena et al, 2011). The role of phytonutrients in correcting by…

The FTIR spectrum of PVA/CS nanofiber was shown in Fig. 1(a). The band at 3255.32 cm−1 was corresponded to -OH stretching and the peaks at 1025.6 and 1450.04 cm−1 for the -C-O band. The peaks at 3445.32 cm-1, 2965 cm-1, 1640.01cm-1, 1598.7 cm-1, and 1361 cm-1 are due to amine NH symmetric vibration, C-H vibration, deformation vibration of the absorbed water molecules, stretching vibration of amino group of chitosan and vibration of C-H, respectively. The peaks at 890.1 and 1100 cm-1 was…

Chapter 1 Introduction Waste generated from food industries is a source of an untapped energy which is mostly dumped inland fills whereby it releases greenhouse gases into the atmosphere. It is very difficult to treat and recycle food waste due to its composition. Food industry produces large volumes of wastes, both solids and liquid, resulting from the production, preparation and consumption of food. These wastes lead to increasing waste disposal and can pose severe pollution problems and…

Global warming since then generally define as a gradually increasing in temperature, which results in changing global climate permanently. Earth 's climate has been negatively influenced by many direct and indirect ways. Humans can severely damage the quality of climate. Most people are not aware that actions contribute to the decay of the Earth through time. Much research has been focused on the effects of global warming, as a direct result of the elevation of carbon dioxide and other…

Down Syndrome is the most prevalent and recognizable chromosomal abnormality in live born children, with a current prevalence of 2.8 out of 1000 children born with the genetic disorder [1]. In 1866, John Langdon Down termed the condition “mongolism” before it was later termed Down syndrome in honor of his discovery. Nearly a century later, geneticists Jerome Lejeune and Patricia Jacobs reported the chromosomal abnormality for the first time in humans to be secondary to a trisomy of chromosome 21…

Glutathione addition in semen extender up to a level of 2 mM was found to be protective against the damaging effects of free radicals, beyond that no protective effects were found in bull spermatozoa (Bilodeau et al., 2001). The addition of. .glutathione to the semen extender prevented the loss of sperm motility by inhibition of lipid peroxidation caused by ROS in frozen thawed…