Hydroxide

the said compound, although the conjugate acid of benzocaine formed as a result. Due to the change in polarity, the state of benzocaine shifted from being solubilized in diethyl ether to water. Through vacuum filtration, water was removed. Sodium hydroxide was added to the separated water in order to produce…

reactions of the chemical reactions that each compound undertook. The four following acids and bases were used to predict when a set amount of reactant would reach equilibrium: Hydrochloric Acid (HCl), H2SO4 (Sulfuric Acid), NaOH (Sodium Hydroxide), and Ba(OH)2 (Barium hydroxide). An unbalanced equation of each reaction was given so the balanced equation was then able to be calculated. These are as follows including the theoretical ratio between the acid and base: HCl + NaOH → H2O + NaCl…

The total change in energy is equal to the sum of the net reaction that is Hess’s Law the way I see it. It is important because it shows how energy is moved whether absorbed or released which is critical in science where logic and reason define all knowledge derived from the implications of science. Hess’s Law is used to determining difficult to measure energy changes such as the generation of hydrogen as a clean fuel in the example given in chem wiki (Shelly Cohen October 02 2013). It is also…

pharmacists would not be able to treat patients. Acids and bases can be recognized by their individual properties. According to the Arrhenius theory, an Arrhenius acid contains the hydrogen ion when dissolved in water. An Arrhenius base contains the hydroxide ion when dissolved in water. According to the Bronsted-Lowry theory, a Bronsted-Lowry acid is a proton, or hydrogen ion, donor, while a Bronsted-Lowry base is a proton acceptor. Acids are characterized by their sour taste, electrical…

ACID-BASE PROPERTIES OF SODIUM CHLORIDE, SODIUM FORMATE AND AMMONIUM CHLORIDE INTRODUCTION The objective of this experiment is to examine the definitive characteristics of acids and bases by investigating the characteristics of strong versus weak acids; more specifically, why these differences are important in the process of titrations. In this experiment, there are two titrations performed and measured the pH of one salt solution. This experiment includes a strong acid and strong base…

There are several different reactions that can be utilized in order to end with a product that includes the synthesis of carbon-carbon bonds, however for this experiment the reaction that was utilized is aldol condensation. An aldol condensation is when an enolizable aldehyde or ketone undergoes a reaction, in the presence of a base or acid, and gives a beta unsaturated ketone or aldehyde (Utah Valley University, 2009). This type of reaction can also add carbonyls to a compound, using similar…

record the observation. Fifth, zinc, place one ml of 0.1 M zinc nitrate solution into a test tube and add drops of 6M ammonium chloride solution. Add one drop of ammonium hydroxide and thioacetamide and heat it on the water…

The saponification number can be defined as the number of milligrams of potassium hydroxide needed to hydrolyze completely one gram of a fat or oil (Simmons & Appleton, 1908). The saponification value depends on the average molecular weight of the fatty acids constituent of fat where it indicates the nature of the fatty acids itself. The…

phenolphthalein reacting with sodium hydroxide consists of C20H14O4+ NaOH → NaKC8H4O4 (aq)+ H2O(l) Phenolphthalein is used as an indicator in this reaction because it changes color when a solution reaches a pH of around eight, or in other words the endpoint of a solution. It also allows us to see a physical change, thus resulting in a more accurate measure of how much was titrated. Citric acid is a weak acid, making it best titrated by using a strong base, such as sodium hydroxide. The…

Bast was immersed in 0.85% solution of Triton X-100 at 40 ⁰C for 10 min, followed by soaking in sodium hydroxide (NaOH) solution at varies concentrations (1, 2 4, 6 and 8%) at 100 ⁰C for 60 min. For enzymatic retting, the fiber was treated with chelating agent, enthylenediamine-tetraacetic acid, then immersed in 0.85% solution of Triton X-100 at 40 ⁰C for…