Hydroxide

In 1817 a scientist known by the name of Johann August Arfvedson discovered a new element called lithium while he was working with a mineral petalite (Jefferson Lab Web). However, even though this element was found by Arfvedson, William Thomas Brande and Sir Humphrey Davy were the first people to isolate it (Jefferson Lab Web). Lithium is very abundant, it is a soft silver white alkali metal with the atomic number of three. Lithium is silver and contains no odor (Element Project). In…

[Chemical Engineering Lab Practice 4] EXTRACTION OF BENZOIC ACID Candidate’s Name: Raajeswari A/P Radahakrishnan Student ID: SCM-023562 Group Member’s Name: Angela A/P Gunasegaran Shubashinee A/P Murugan Lecturer/ Supervisor: Ms Nazlina & Dr Ong Chi Siang Date of Submission: 13 October 2015 1.0 ABSTRACT This experiment is about extraction of benzoic acid from kerosene by water droplets that was conducted on 6 October 2015 with few group of students. The main purpose of…

The purpose of Activity 1 of this lab is to understand how cell transportation works, The purpose of the second part is to explore semipermeable membranes. The purpose of Activity 3 is to explore how the size of a cell affects cell transportation. Background All cells are surrounded by a barrier called the cell membrane. It regulates what enters and leaves the cell, and also protects and supports the cell. Cell membranes are semipermeable, meaning it doesn’t allow all molecules to pass through…

This means that water can act as an acid and a base. In pure water, about two molecules of water react to form a hydroxide ion and a hydronium ion. One molecule of water will act as an acid by donating a proton and another molecule of water will act as a base by accepting a proton. This reaction is an equilibrium reaction and reversible. Therefore in the reverse reaction, the hydroxide ion is the base and the hydronium ion is an acid. Conclusion Overall, all of these extraordinary properties…

Pathophysiology Tinea pedis, or athlete’s foot, is the term used for a dermatophyte infection of the sole of the foot and interdigital spaces (Porth, 2015). This infection is most commonly caused by Trichophyton rubrum, initially endemic to a small region of Southeast Asia. Dermatophytes are fungi that require keratin for growth. The fungus that causes tinea pedis falls under this umbrella. Other causes of tinea pedis include: Trichophyton mentagrophytes and Epidermophyton floccosum. The…

The topic of this report is going to be on the ringworm. A ringworm is a fungal infection that occurs on the top layer of the skin, known as the epidermis. They are distinguished by having rough reddened patches that form in circular designs or pattern, and can be spread from your face, all the way to the toes. The ringworm, also called dermatophytosis, is mainly caused by having direct and or indirect contact with a person, animal or object that is already infected with the disease, or one of…

On the experiment 1 solvent abilities: All solutes were expected to dissolve in water because water is known as “universal solvent.” Observation showed that many salts and sugars were able to fully dissolve in the water solvent, but corn oil did not (Figure1).The reason salts would dissolve into water solvent because water molecule carried partial positive charge on hydrogen atom and partial negative charge on oxygen atom; they could react with cation and anion from salts that have ionic bonds…

equal to the concentration of HC4H4O6-. A scatter plot graph that compares the concentrations of K+ and HC4H4O6- for this part of the experiment is shown in the data below. Another purpose of the experiment is to determine the Ksp value of calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2). When Ca(OH)2 is placed in water, it partially dissociates to form Ca2+ and two OH- ions. This is evident in the reaction: Ca(OH)_2 (s)⇄Ca^(2+) (aq)+2OH^- (aq) (3) The Ksp expression for reaction (3) is shown…

An acid-base reaction is a chemical reaction that utilizes an acid and base that react to form a neutral substance because the acid and base cancel each other out. When they are formed, they tend to produce a salt. The hydrogen ions and hydroxide ions when combined, tend to form water. In order for the reactant to be an acid, it has to conduct electricity, change a blue solution to a red tint, have a sour taste, react with bases to neutralize their properties, and it has to react with active…

Preparation of coating solutions Chitosan solution was prepared with 2 % (w/v) chitosan in 1% (v/v) acetic acid glacial. The solution was placed on a hot plate/magnetic stirrer for 6 h. The resultant chitosan-based coating solution was filtrated, through a Whatman filter paper No: 2, glycerol was added at 0.75 % (w/v), and stirred for more than 15 minutes. Two of the best concentrations, 60 and 90 mg mL−1 were prepared from freeze-dried IgY for S. putrefaciens and P. fluorescens respectively.…