Hydrolysis

By considering the recorded Blood pressure data, among the synthesized derivatives, 9c has shown significant anti-hypertensive activity and prolonged duration of action when compared to the standard drug Propranolol but onset of action is slightly delayed than standard drug, which may be due to time required for ester hydrolysis. The reduction in Systolic Blood Pressure in case of 9c is more than that of the standard drug, Propranolol which suggests the probable synergistic effect of 2-phenyl indolizine moiety on hypertension, whereas in case of 9a which contains unsubstituted indolizine moiety condensed with Propranolol, there is no much significant reduction in Systolic Blood Pressure, which suggests no synergistic contribution of unsubstituted Indolizine ring on hypertension and its effect is same as standard…

The results from the experiment show that the temperature that had the fastest hydrolysis of starch to be 60°C. This is against the hypothesis and internet statistics. Fig 1.1 shows that by the 1-minute mark, there was no traces of starch in the starch-iodine solution sample on the colour tiles (scale of 13); all of the starch solution was hydrolysed in the first minute. At the time-0 mark, the starch-iodine solution was already at a scale of 8. This means that in the split second of time…

In the year of 2014 the month of September an article was published in an ‘Emergency Nurse’ journal. The heading of this article is “Protein Test May Ensure Quick Diagnosis of Heart Attack.” We all know that the odds of knowing when a heart attack may happen are very low. While a group of research nurses have come to the conclusion that you may be able to predict when a heart attack may happen by doing a simple protein test. Heart attacks can be fatal and hard to detect. This is what makes this…

To answer the question, it is first necessary to understand what a polysaccharide is and what hydrolysis is. The four "building blocks of life" is a commonly used phrase that refers to four kinds of small molecules that are essential in the creation and formation of larger macromolecules that exist in every living organism. These four molecules consist of simple sugars, fatty acids, amino acids, and nucleotides. "Poly-" means "many", and "saccharide" means "sugar," so as the name suggests, a…

The aim of this study was to investigate the optimal temperature for α-Amylase to catalyse the hydrolysis of starch. After the implementation of the experiment, it was established that the hypothesis, that the ability of α-Amylase to act upon large linear carbohydrate polymers in starch will prove most effective at 37°C (the optimum human body temperature), was supported by the observed data. The hypothesis was justified based on the observation that the overall average of average colour…

2.1.2. Alkaline hydrolysis Alkaline hydrolysis is a simple process in which the protein is solubilized by heating followed by the addition of calcium, sodium or potassium hydroxide as alkaline agents and maintaining the temperature at a range between 25-55 °C (Pasupuleti & Braun, 2010). During alkaline hydrolysis of proteins, some amino acids like serine and threonine are damaged during alkaline hydrolysis, however, tryptophan remains intact. Also, this process causes racemization of amino…

The ATP molecule consists of a sugar molecule (ribose) attached to a base that is composed of carbon and nitrogen atoms (adenine). Attached to the other side of the ribose are three phosphate groups (a phosphate group consists of one phosphorus atom bonded to 4 oxygen atoms). * ATP Hydrolysis Powers Cellular Work The phosphate bonds in ATP (adenosine triphosphate) can be broken down by water. When ATP loses a phosphate group in water, this releases energy and creates the products ADP (adenosine…

Simultaneous hydrolysis and fermentation (SHF) of sweet sorghum juice is a multi-step process and interactions between enzymes inside the yeast and the complex substrate. In addition, SHF also undergoesmechanisms by the product and other components inside the substrate. The process, interactions, and as well as inhibition mechanism of SHF are not fully understood. A modified kinetics model based on those reported by Philippidis [24] and Shadbahr [17] were used in this study to quantify the…

Describe, briefly two cellular reactions that involve ATP hydrolysis (you will probably find the answer more quickly on Google than in your book). ATP is simply a renewable resource which is actually rejuvenated when adenosine diphosphate is mixed with a phosphate group. On the other hand, ATP hydrolysis is basically a method used by the human body to be able to release energy chemically to some other body parts in order for life to be sustained. In the process, ATP is actually converted…

1. Result and discussion 1.1. Characterization of PUF and removal of Fe+3 on PUF 1.1.1. Characterization of PUF 1.1.1.1. Hydrolysis of white PUF using HCl The mass lost after 24 h in HCl concentration by the PUF was 0.45%. was i.e., with increasing acid concentration and some groups of the PUF the percentage loss of mass increased were hydrolysed. The cube shape of PUF was affected by acid washing i.e.the size of the cubes became smaller and they packed more closely together (Moawed, 2008).…