Hydrogen bond

Chromium Chromium was discovered in France in 1797. A man named Louis-Nicholas Vauquelin discovered chromium while experimenting with a material known as Siberian red lead. The name Chromium comes from the Greek word "chroma" meaning "color." Chromium got this name because of the many different colors in the element. This element is hard, metallic and shiny. Chromium doesn't tarnish. Chromium is a metal element. Chromium's symbol is "Cr" and has an atomic number of 24. This metal is the…

in the fourth energy level, therefore it impatiently waits to react with other elements and compounds. In other words, it reacts with all acids and all non-metals. For example, potassium reacts with water to produce hydrogen gas. This reaction generates a mass of heat that the hydrogen gas may catch on fire and explode, and as the potassium burns, it emits a purple flame seen in fireworks (Pappas). There are water molecules or water vapor throughout the atmosphere, thus chemically, potassium is…

Nitrogen and phosphorus are the major limiting nutrient elements in a variety of aquatic ecosystems and are altered by anthropogenic activities; such as row crops, feed lots, and humans (Elser et al. 2007). Larger inputs of nitrogen cause an abundance of phytoplankton and macrophyte production (Ferree and Shannon 2001).The purpose of this study was to examine nitrogen and phosphorus levels at Ada Hayden Lake in the comparative context of their effect on phytoplankton abundance as well as…

is an extremely complex component because of its porosity, several phases, and reactions (Spiegel 2008). An efficient catalyst layer should provide several functions at the same time; transporting the electron and the proton, supplying oxygen and hydrogen and water management. The structure and composition of the catalyst layer affects all these roles. Optimization of the catalyst layer can provide for all these requirements, as well as increase utilization of the catalyst, its durability and…

The reaction between Propanone and iodine under acidic condition Aims To find the order of reaction with respect to propanone, iodine and sulfuric acid, thus proposing a rate equation. Find rate constant at various temperature and with the use of the Arrhenius equation, find the activation enthalpy of the reaction. General Method {For step by step guide of the experiment see preparation page} By using known concentration of aqueous iodine solution (0.000 moldm-3, 0.005 mol dm-3, 0.015…

catalyzed by catalase is the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide to form water and oxygen, which occurs spontaneously, but not at a very rapid rate. Write a balanced equation for this reaction. Label the reactant and the product. (Remember that catalase is not a reactant or a product and can be written over the arrow separating the reactant from the products.) I will help you with the equation. Catalase 2H2O2 ------------------------> 2H2O + O2 (g) (Hydrogen peroxide) (Water) (Oxygen) 2.…

Electrons can be core or valence. The core electrons are like nobel gases and the valance are the rest. Like noble gases, core electrons do not react, but valence electrons do. Imagine, if you will, a reaction of sodium with chlorine gas. The sodium gives up a valence electron and chlorine gains one. The compound made is 1:1 Na:Cl. A similar thing happens with potassium and bromine, you get KBr. The electron configuration of sodium is 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s1. The part up to 2p is just like the nobel…

Chlorine The element chlorine is located in the 7th group in the periodic table it is the symbol for CI. Chlorine is a chemical element it has a atomic mass of 35. Chlorine has 17 protons, 18 neutrons, and 17 electrons. The electron configuration for chlorine is 3s2-3p5. Chlorine has a boiling point of 3.16, and is family with halogen. Chlorine was discovered in 1774 by Carl Wilhelm Scheele. He obtained it through the reaction of the mineral pyrolusite manganese dioxide with hydrochloric acid.…

4.2.1. Material: Lead zirconate titanate (PZT) PZT is a short for lead zirconate titanate inorganic compound that has a chemical formula of Pb [ZrxTi1-x] O3 (0 ≤ x ≤ 1). PZT is made and composed of the two chemical elements lead and zirconium combined with the chemical compound titanate while formed under extremely high temperatures. The dielectric constant of PZT can range from 300 to 3850, depending upon orientation and doping. PZT possesses piezoelectric effect meaning that it changes shape…

The steps of synthesis process can be explained in Fig. 1. The Zn (NO3)2.4H2O (zinc nitrate tetrahydrate) and Al (NO3)2.9H2O (aluminum nitrate nonahydrate) (Merck) are used as a precursor. ZnO precursor solution with the concentration of 0.15 M was made by dissolving 0.89 grams of powder precursor Zn(NO3)3.4H2O in 40 ml of solvent. Solvent comprises a mixture of 30 ml deionized water and 10 ml of ethanol. To speed up the process of dissolution, the mixture was stirred using a magnetic stirrer…