Human blood group systems

Humans’ body need sufficient amount of macronutrients as their energy sources to function. Macronutrients includes carbohydrates, fats, and protein, each functioned as energy sources with special addition functions for each nutrients. However, the highest energy contributor comes from breaking down carbohydrates, which means that carbohydrates are more satiating (6). Carbohydrates are stored as glycogen in the liver to maintain blood glucose supply and with adequate supply of carbohydrates, it…

Graves Disease is a condition within the immune system that appears as a result of the thyroid gland producing an overabundance of hormones. Deception occurs within the immune system of our body, eliciting a release of false, abnormal antibodies that are trying to imitate the normal chemical thyroid-stimulating hormone, TSH, by latching to the thyroid hormone receptor, TSHR, on the epithelial cells of the thyroid gland (Jin, Lawless, Sehgal, & Mchenry, 2012). This latching produces a plethora of…

for Human Immunodeficiency Virus. HIV is a virus that only infect humans and reproduces itself by taking…

the mammalian central nervous system comprises of an extracellular matrix that includes proteins, proteoglycans, and glycosaminoglycans (Bignami A et.al 1993). Evolving evidence indicates that the organization and composition of this matrix change throughout the course of normal aging, during neurodegenerative diseases and following central nervous system injury and that these modifications influence a diverse range of cellular behaviors. The central nervous system extracellular matrix was…

The immune system is a host defense mechanism that involves a complex collection of molecules, cells, and tissue. The primary function of the immune system is responsible for recognizing and differentiating between harmful and none harmful microbes in the human body. When a human is resistant to a certain disease, that human is known to be immune. The term used to describe an immune individual is referred to as immunity. The primary function of immunity is to become resistant to certain…

important of fitness. Nowadays, whenever large or small apartments, gym and swimming pool are standard. So, what are the benefits of fitness? Fitness can promote the body muscles, correct body posture, improve health, improve the nervous system function. In the human body, the muscles, bones, joints, ligaments and other components of the movement of organs, allowing the organism to carry out a variety of complex and delicate movement. And all this movement is the driving force of those large…

Ebola Zaire in non-human primates: a threat to biodiversity conservation To most of the world, Ebola Zaire haemorrhagic fever, also simply known as ‘the Ebola virus’ (EBOV) (Hayden, 2014), was relatively unknown until early 2014 when an outbreak in West Africa seemingly appeared out of nowhere. Yet outbreaks have been reported in primates, both human and non-human, since its discovery in 1976 (P. Ascenzi et al. 2008), and the outbreaks seem to be increasing in frequency. Several studies leave us…

for maintaining cellular functions. For instance, protein intake and metabolism generates about 70mM of H+ daily (Silverthorn, Johnson, Ober, Garrison, & Silverthorn, 2012), which could lower pH of human blood to as low as 3. To limit the drastic change in blood pH, human body has three buffer systems – bicarbonate, monohydrogen phosphate, and ammonia. Buffer is made up of weak acid and its conjugate base. The pH of a buffer is determined by the ratio of unprotonated and protonated species, as…

Lord of the Flies, by William Golding is a novel that displays the continuous battle between civilization and savagery. Throughout the novel, Golding concentrates on three main motifs, human nature, evil and human civilization. In the novel, once the boys are isolated from civilization, they try to maintain society, and their attempts to recreate civilization quickly shattered. The author, Golding conveys his thoughts to us by making the main characters be young boys stranded on an island.…

How and why we should eliminate fast food from our diets. So in the great words that everyone knows. Lets get started. The first thing we will be talking about is the various diseases fast food can lead to. The top 6 disease are arthritis, high blood pressure , various caners , obesity , diabetes , and heart disease. ( “eating fast food” )These are all life threatening by them selves but fast food can cause you to get multiples…