Homologous chromosome

result of the processes of transcription and translation at the molecular level. In the paragraphs that follow I will discuss how the processes at the molecular level influence traits that we see at the species level. A human has 23 chromosomes, each of these chromosomes are a housing unit for DNA. DNA, also known as deoxyribonucleic acid, is a simple molecule found in all living organisms. DNA has a unique structure, made up of a double helix, base pairing, and hydrogen bonding, all working…

Gene crossover, the exchange of genetic material between two homologous chromosomes, can be observed in many different instances with the help of model organisms. Many scientists observe gene crossover to better comprehend the heritability patterns of unrelated genes (Chen and Olive, 1965). In the case of this experiment, the use of Sodaria allowed students to observe the inheritance pattern of two different phenotypes when crossed in a a petri dish (Saleem, et al., 2001). Sordaria, a…

of the chromosomes from Tetrahymena thermophila contained the six base sequence TTGGGG iterated many times (Blackburn and Gall, 1978). Over the decades, literature has arisen that has revealed many things regarding telomeres. However, as with the case with many scientific endeavours, as one question is answered, another would arise. As a result, research in telomere biology has become one which many are deciding to take on. We know that proper replication of the telomeric DNA at chromosome…

Biochemistry Biochemistry is a branch of science concentrated on living organisms and their chemical processes. It has become a household name for itself in modern history as more and more developments occur and has encouraged scientist to not only pursue a medical career, but has branched out into research and bio-engineering to create a better life for an individual. In all, the area uncovers the way of the future and has found itself as a major part of science. Without the subject a lot of…

evidence is when animal or plant remains which have been buried and covered for million years have been discovered and show a story about the past. DNA evidence is when the DNA is similar to other organisms showing that they shared a common ancestor. Homologous Structures are body parts that have the same basic structure and the same relationship to other body parts. Embryonic is when the embryos look similar signaling they share a common ancestor. Vestigial Structures is a body part in a…

Females have two X-chromosomes and males have one X and one Y chromosome. Females are the main carriers of hemophilia, which results in mostly males inheriting the disorder because they have a 50% chance of inheriting an affected X-chromosome from the mother [6]. Females rarely inherit hemophilia because she would need to inherit the mutated genes from both X-chromosomes. This means a female would have to inherit an affected X-chromosome from her mother and an affected X-chromosome from a…

Gene Mutations Gene mutation is a permanent change in the DNA sequence that makes up a gene. Mutations are affected by the change in the DNA sequence. There can be many different types of mutations. (Department of Genetics, Stanford School of Medicine, Para I) Some examples are point mutations, missense mutation, nonsense mutation, frame shift mutation, silent mutation, deletion, insertion, and duplication. (US National Library of Medicine) These mutations can either occur naturally or actually…

KRAS: So far three human Ras genes have been identified. Actually Ras homolog to the oncogene from Kristen Ras Sarcoma (KRAS). HRas homologous to the oncogene from Harvey Rat Sarcoma virus(HRAS) and NRas first isolated from the human neuroblastoma. These three different Ras genes are highly homologous but functionally different. However the degree of redundancy remains topic of investigation (Pylayeva-Gupta et al. 2011). Ras are central mediators of downstream of growth factor receptor…

comparative mapping data, we were able to navigate to potential orthologous genome regions in A. thaliana. this helps us to identify 29 promising candidate genes with supposed physical linkage to homologous Brassica genome regions involved in seed weight. Our results suggest the following 9014 homologous genes were mapped in the CIs of 47 QTLs. A large number of important genes were found to be candidate genes for seed weight. It is interesting to notice that some genes showing major effects on…

differences in their society. This novel has a similar plot line to the movie The X-Men. In the movie children are born with an extra twist to their chromosomes that allow them to exhibit superhuman abilities. These mutants live in a world where their kind is hated and persecuted by humans. Comparisons could be made for these stories as they both share homologous concepts such as Sealand being similar to Xavier’s School for Gifted Youngsters, the moral values of Senator Kelly are similar to…