Hominid

of species is way more complicated than that and its history is much richer as well. Evolutionary anthropology is defined as the study of the changes in human physiology, human behavior and discovering the relationship that exist between hominids and non-hominid primates. When I used the term evolution…

replaced by Homo sapiens in the archaeological record around 40,000 years ago. Since the first Neanderthal remains were excavated from a limestone quarry in Germany’s Neander Valley in the middle of the 19th century, the question of how these remarkable hominids met their demise has engaged the imagination of archaeologists and laypeople alike. This paper seeks to answer two questions. First, to what extend did humans and Neanderthals interbreed during their period of coexistence? Second, what…

1. What is inclusive fitness?? Using Hamilton’s equation, describe the cost and benefits in relation to inclusive fitness of a behavior we learned about in class (from lecture, readings or student presentations). Inclusive fitness is fitness through producing offspring and providing aid that allows relatives to spread shared genes. Hamilton’s rule is rb – c > 0, where r is the relatedness of the altruist to the beneficiary, b is the reproductive benefit to the recipient, and c is the cost…

Human evolution is the long process of change in which humankind originated from apes. Before Charles Darwin, Carolus Linnaeus, chose the word,”homo,” which is Latin for human, in his classification system. During this time, along with Linnaeus, other scientists considered apes to be close relatives to humans due to their anatomical similarities. In the 1960s and 70s, African researchers found fossils of australopithecines, an extinct creature related to humankind in Africa. Later more fossils…

Mitochondrial DNA analysis (mtDNA) and Y Chromosomal analysis could be avenues of finding definitive answers about the migration and evolution of hominids and early humans. Mitochondrial DNA analysis was the basis for the Out of Africa Theory because the DNA suggested that modern humans evolved from a “Mitochondrial Eve” about 150,000 years ago, and modern humans began to disperse between 35,000 and…

It shows the relationships between organisms inferred from physical and genetic traits.18For instance, it is inferred that humans are related to hominids due to similar traits19, and that dogs are related to wolves.20 Phylogenetic trees are diagrams that represent the possible evolutionary relationships between different species. While phylogenetic trees are diagrams usually showing actual evolutionary…

Washington State What is the first thing what comes to our minds when we think of Washington State? Most would say; Bill Gates, Nintendo, lumber, Pacific Ocean, or Seattle, apple, Starbucks, tourism. This essay would like to introduce the state's breathtaking geographical features, its rich history and other interesting facts. As the name shows, Washington State is the only state which was named after a president. The name honors the first president of United States, George Washington.…

Louis Leakey is one of the most influential men in the world. He is a well-known white archeologist from Africa. Louis Leakey did a lot of things for Africa historically. Also Leakey won an award from a museum and organized an important event. He is an interesting person to talk about from his accomplishments to his personal life. Without Louis Leakey’s impact how would have our history turned out? Louis Seymour Bazett Leakey was born on August 7th, 1903. He was raised in Kabete—small tribe in…

The anatomical prerequisite for humans to gain the ability to speak such as the absent and present of the air sac in hominids. Morphological changes of the face structures such as the growth of the supralaryngeal vocal tract and the descent of the larynx are the anatomical aspect of the possible contribution to the human speech. Bart de Boer (2012) studied the anatomical…

Evolution is the process where a species undergoes changes in traits over time to become a more complex and more adapted life form. The Out of Africa theory is possibly the most favoured evolutionary theory due to it's increasingly substantial evidence. This theory suggests that there were two colonisations of the world, the first being approximately 100,000 years ago when Homo erectus first migrated out of Africa and evolved separately creating three major species in different areas of the…