History of Iraq

Totalitarianism is defined as a system of government that attempts to control all aspects of its society (Lansford). Throughout the past two centuries, there has been an increase in this style of government around the world. From Russia to China, from Iraq to Germany, these leaders control their countries with absolute power. Because of how powerful these leaders control is, their power must be constantly maintained and in order to do so, the leaders go to great lengths to ensure their unlimited…

Saudi Arabia: Contemporary Operational Environment Looking at Saudi Arabia, we must first analyze what makes a massive, barren landscape hospitable to more than 31 million Saudis. 129,000 miles of border and 158 miles of coastline including the only country with both the Red Sea and Persian Gulf access makes Saudi Arabia a very viable trade route. What exports does this country produce to sustain itself and its military? How does Religion play into its politics? Where does the loyalty of its…

destruction, oppression of war and unfathomable living conditions. These people travel from countries like Syria and Iraq to places in Central America and Africa, looking for an escape. Many of the refugees may apply for asylum outside their home country and are eligible for certain legal protections. In the last year, civil war has forced 15 million people to flee Syria and Iraq; 1.1 million people have been displaced in Yemen; more than 500,000 have fled South Sudan; 190,000 in Burundi; and…

centuries. The Safavids have faced defeat in addition to walking away from battle victoriously. Through this constant loop of failure and success the Safavids have managed to build a long lasting empire that has made an impression on Iranian history as well as world history. From trade interactions and military alliances to the overall building of a generally successful civilization, the Safavids and their relations with other empires of this time period…

Historical context of The Epic of Gilgamesh dates all the way back to around 2000 BCE. This story was written down by a society of people that dwelled in old Mesopotamia, called the Sumerians. This area is located in what is now the Middle East, or Iraq. Around this time, the Sumerians lived in Uruk. This ancient city was located in what was called the fertile crescent.…

beginning of the Ottoman history was characterized by continuous territorial expansion. It grew in to the most powerful states in the world. The Ottoman Empire spanned more than 600 years and came finally ended in 1922 when it was replaced by the Turkish Republic and other successor states. The Ottoman Empire surround most of southeastern Europe to Vienna including present day Greece, Hungary, Balkan region and parts of Ukraine. Portions of the Middle East now occupied by Israel, Iraq, Syria and…

classes and share power with an economic and military elite. However, it was slave-based with a society of hierarchical and stratified surrounded by palaces and temples. Mesopotamia means “between the rivers,” which is where it all started known as Iraq and part of Turkey and Syria located between the Tigris and the Euphrates rivers in the valleys of the Middle East (Matthews et al., 2014). Therefore, the three cultures that arose and were successful in the Mesopotamia region from 3000-1600 B.C.…

The beginning of the Ismaili daʿwa in Khurasan In the study of Ismaili history in Khurasan, the name of Yaʿqūb ibn Layth Ṣaffār (hereafter, Yaʿqūb, r. 247-66/861-79) is closely connected with the Ismaili daʿwa. Before analysing Yaʿqūb’s connection with the Ismaili daʿwa network, it is important to briefly describe the political milieu of Sīstān in which Yaʿqūb emerged to power, particularly at a time when the Khārijites were in rebellion against the local governors and the ʿAbbāsid caliphs.…

regrouped in Syria. Here, they renamed themselves ISIS, the Islamic State of Iraq and Syria. According to The Week the rest of Al Qaeda wasn’t happy with the regrouping because they were forming a new group also, but after a “mini-war amongst themselves,” both groups officially disassociated with each other (Cassis 1). ISIS became pretty successful pretty quickly. By the summer of 2014, they captured Mosul, a major city in Iraq, and some other major cities…

At least half of these victims fleeing from disaster are children. The current Syrian refugee emergency represents the greatest dislocation of people in recent history. Literally, millions of men, women and their children have increasingly traversed over the Turkish, Lebanese and Jordanian borders. However, this flow of human misery has increased significantly because of the intensified battles being waged by ISIS…