History of Egypt

Lebanon’s extensive history of foreign interventions which continue to this day are rooted in several factors including its history prior to independence, the formation of the state and society, and the nature of its modern political system. In order to understand Lebanon’s seeming predisposition to foreign intervention, it’s first necessary to understand it’s historical background and relationship with foreign powers under the Ottoman system and following the dissolution of the Ottoman Empire.…

The areas of influence in Palestine, Egypt, Syria, Jordan, Lebanon, Iran and Iraq have a long history of wanting to create their own nation state to be controlled by a centralized government without outside interference from the western countries of France and Britain. The region is very diverse and more ‘modern’ than believed to be. The people should be allowed to govern themselves since the area was doing fine on its own before Britain and France had any interest there. Ever since the Western…

between the Germans and the British several times and was the site of several major battles. Originally in Italy’s sphere of influence, Tobruk fell to the British on January 12, 1941, building upon the initiative they had seized after Italy’s defeat in Egypt the previous year. More than a year later, in June 1942, Tobruk fell to the Germans after a long and intensive siege by Field Marshal Erwin Rommel’s tank forces. Then, in November 1942, Tobruk fell once more to the British and remained under…

the most. George Shaw once said, “Progress is impossible without change and those who cannot change their minds cannot change anything.” These changes often happen to come in the form of rebellion. Rebellions have sprung up many times throughout history. In particular this essay will dive into the effects of rebellions and how these rebellions changed governments, people, and their beliefs. Recently, in the world, rebellions have been used in areas where the people desire a great political…

29, 1947, to partition Palestine, then still under British mandate, into an Arab state and a Jewish state.” Though initially Arab guerilla forces, commanded by British officers were succeeding in capturing a number of settlements, including that of Jerusalem, by April the tide had turned and the Haganah seized the offensive and were recapturing areas. The day after the declaration of Israeli independence heavily supplied military forces from Transjordan, Lebanon, Syria, Iraq, and Saudi Arabia…

different cultures. As history evolved, culture evolved from cave paintings to elaborate sculptures and architecture. Polytheism I believe started as an earlier practice than monotheism since the earliest cultures like the Egyptian culture is associated with god and goddess and the Early Christian, Jewish and Byzantine cultures are associated with one god and were also established in later years. Polytheism and monotheism has been discussed for centuries throughout history in the world…

On the one hand, Naguib Mahfouz chose Alexandria as a setting for Miramar. He wrote about it after the Nasser's revolution when only few traces of the cosmopolitan still there. However, it seems from the comparison he made between Cairo and Alexandria that Alexandria is drastically affected by the departure of the Alexandrians with foreign origins and foreigners. Alexandria in the novel is not only a setting or environment, but also a state of mind, symbol or a philosophy. Each character has…

Today, in Egypt, we are left with the ruins of art and architecture. The pyramids, sphinxes, and tombs were torn apart by the later Egyptian Dynasties and destroyed by looters. Some of the loss of artifacts this have to do with time, earthquakes, and past looters, but the biggest culprits, that many do not think of first, are the early Egyptologists. It was all about getting the biggest and most impressive objects and not really about the importance of the object in context to the area. Because…

very regimes whose cooperation it 14 seeks. The United States must work with existing regimes toward gradual reform—and this is a good thing. In conclusion, the lessons from the U.S. experience in postwar Iraq are being derived while the postwar history of the country is still being forged. Even with all the mistakes made by the United States—in failing to plan and prepare adequately for the postwar reconstruction of Iraq and in imposing a political occupation upon a proud and nationalistic…

in the Syrian conflict, while Saudi Arabia led military intervention in the civil war of Yemen. The civil wars are causing a massive refugee crisis in the Middle East. The displacement of these refugees is the biggest humanitarian crisis in modern history because a mass dislocation on this scale has not been seen since WWII. The biggest humanitarian catastrophe of the 21st century is the Syrian Civil War…