History of biology

Introduction Evolution permeates everything in our environment; from the food that we eat or how we interact with other and the world around us. It affects how animals eat, grow, reproduce, and even die. There are many ways in which animals survive but this paper will be focusing on one specific theory of animal evolution: r/K Selection Theory. Meaning First, what does r and K mean? Both of these terms are derived from the Verhulst model of population dynamics: dN/dt=rN(1-N/K) in which r is…

The four forces of evolution include natural selection, mutation, gene flow, and genetic drift. Natural selection is the foremost force in evolution. It states that biological traits which increase survival will become more frequent in each subsequent generation. It is the most prominent force in evolution because members of a population that inherit these traits live longer, and produce more offspring. Another force of evolution is mutation, the only cause of new genetic material. A mutation is…

Evolutionary psychology is defined “the branch of psychology that studies the ways in which adaptation and natural selection are connected with mental processes and behavior.” (Rathus, 2013) Natural selection is important because it is the ability to allow species to adapt to the current environment in order to survive and reproduce. Evolutionary psychologists study how adaption and natural selection connect with behavior and mental processes. In other words, they study changes in human…

Animal testing is used for many things. It may be used for testing medical products and just the everyday makeup that women feel the need for. Animals are also used for determining the level of toxicity of medications and checking for the safety of medications for humans. (Should) What if there was a drug that could cure cancer and we did not know if it was safe for humans to take. As mankind we would want to test the new drug on something that has a similar genetic makeup to humans just to make…

Today, animals are used in research for a number of reasons like to see how it affects them, also checking if it works. Many scientists believed that the heart was the center of the nervous system. McCoy, J.J “Animals in research, issues and conflicts.” p15.They keep the animals locked up in a choker thing that they put their heads in so that they cannot move. They try to squirm all over the place during testing. Animals all over are locked up in labs somewhere being tested on every single day…

In the kitchen. In the bathroom. Possibly in a loved one’s bedroom. Products that have been tested on animals can be seen everywhere. These products can range anywhere from cosmetics to drugs to cleaning supplies. Companies involved with animal testing include Johnson & Johnson, Iams Pet Food, Kimberly-Clark with Kleenex, Mars Candy, and Trojan Condoms (8 Products). With individuals becoming more aware of the issue, the conditions in which these animals are kept and the treatment these animals…

Altering Personality “To exist is to change, to change is to mature, to mature is to go on creating oneself endlessly” (Bergson). Many individuals assume that personality is something that they are born with, therefore it can never be changed. What these people have not thought about is that people can change their personality due to several factors. Three of the big five personality traits, extraversion, neuroticism, and conscientiousness can all be changed by life experiences, maturity…

The earth is just a combination of uniqueness and also it is comprised of a perfect mechanism. Every individual creation or place is in synced but it is weak and it can easily be destroyed as long as one part is extinct. In nowadays, there are only a few lands remained untouched, however, one of them is Mongolian territory. Therefore, it has been truly becoming comfort and safe environment for wild animals and plants, especially for rare species. Although last few decades, all these creation of…

structures of animals that have changed and adapted to survive and scientists compare the structures to unrelated species which is a useful way to back up evidence of evolution. Another way scientist study their work is, Homology, which is about the biology, it is about the development of different kinds of species based upon their common evolutionary ancestor. Scientist look at similar structures and functions of different species, for example a bats wings, human’s arm, whale’s flipper and…

1994, Goolish came to Ames Research Center to conduct research on how the small forces within space can change aquatic organisms, vertebrates and behaviors. He was focused on the aspects of astrobiology, as well as other subfields such as marine biology, biochemistry, and little bit of zoology. He was involved with the planning and construction of many biological research facilities for the I.S.S. (International…