Hippocampus

I’s brain, along with many others that faced damage in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex, did its best to compensate for the sense of deep loss. At first, Mr. I fell into a state of denial. He could not seem to believe that he had lost all sense of color. He went to work as normal, only to his surprise to find…

When the body becomes exposed to chronic exposure to alcohol the body will adapt to changes thus causing different responses to it. A person that drinks alcohol all the time will build up a tolerance to alcohol and will not get the effect as a person that drinks once and while or rarely drinks. The brain will start to develop a pathological craving for alcohol, longer the chronic drinker uses alcohol the stronger the desires become to fulfill them. If the body does not get the desired fix of…

As one of the most insightful philosophers and psychologists of our time, William James’ influential theory of primary and secondary memory in 1890 kick-started the long standing dispute between theories of unitary and separate memory stores. Advocates of multi-store models focus heavily on distinctions between long term memory (LTM) and short term memory (STM), such as differences in their capacity of storage and duration of which information can be withheld within each store. Other theorists…

system is a neural system that includes the hippocampus, amygdala, and hypothalamus. This system, associated with emotions and drive, is located below the cerebral hemispheres and holds a very valuable part of the brain. The hippocampus has the important role of processing explicit memories for storage. Losing this part of the brain is being depleted of the ability to form new memories, which significantly affects the lifestyle of a person in a…

In an experiment conducted by Zola-Morgan (1986), an amnesic patient named R.B. had damage to one specific region (CA1) of the hippocampus, therefore, supporting that damage limited to the hippocampus is enough to cause amnesia. This indicates that Nolan portrayed Lenny’s amnesia with a basis in creating lesions in the hippocampus and greater MTL regions, however, the severity of both Lenny’s retrograde and anterograde amnesia are contentious. A study done by Race and Verfaellie…

taken before a specific date, usually the date of an accident or operation. However, he or she can still develop memories after the accident. Retrograde is usually caused by head trauma or brain damage to parts of the brain besides the hippocampus. The hippocampus is responsible for training new memory. People suffering from retrograde amnesia are more likely to remember general knowledge rather than specifics. They usually remember older memories rather than recent ones. Retrograde amnesia is…

For several complex historical, philosophical and scientific reasons, Western Culture has often tried to unravel the mystery of human being within the dualistic conception of body and mind, by privileging the higher rational processes - such as language and cognition - over somatic experiences. In psychotherapy, this manifest preference influences the understanding and treatment of trauma. Since trauma is an “event inside a person’s head” (Henry, 2006, p. 383), traditional interventions target…

potentiation (LTP) and long-term depression (LTD) have been shown to be fundamental cellular mechanisms underlying learning and memory. Induction of LTP occurs concomitantly with learning in the hippocampus of freely-moving animals and is known to prevent occludes subsequent electrical induction of LTP in the hippocampus (Whitlock et al., 2006). Conversely, saturation of hippocampal LTP is also known to interfere with spatial memory formation (Barnes et al., 1994). A recent study has…

“Memento” is a movie directed by Christopher Nolan (2000) which follows a man, Leonard, who apparently has anterograde amnesia. After receiving a severe blow to the head, Leonard ended up with a traumatic brain injury that apparently damaged his hippocampus. He is unable to form and retain new memories. Memories prior to the incident remain intact. In order to deal with his condition, Leonard tattoos important facts on his body that he doesn’t want to forget, takes pictures of new people, places…

Chapter 4 begins with the story of a young man named A, who had history of getting in relationship with woman who already have boy friend and there was act of sexual fantasies with violence in it. His childhood was not a normal since his mom was alcoholic, his siblings were seems to be mentally incapable of taking care of themselves and constant domestic violence. Later his intimate relationship seems to be erotic as well as constantly threating and violence. Humans have different degree of…