Hipparchus

uses in astronomy as well as in the context of Islamic religion. As previously mentioned, the astrolabe was first invented in Ancient Greece thus the mathematical principles and cosmological model behind it were of Greek origin. To understand its mathematical principles, we must first understand the cosmological model that was widely accepted in Greek Antiquity, the 'Homocentric Sphere Model'. The sphere was regarded as the leading mathematical structure in astronomy and cosmology and consequently, the universe was imagined to be a series of homocentric spheres (Borelli 2008, p. 27). Despite this model being proven wrong, it can accurately depict the heavens as what it's being viewed from on Earth. Based on this model, Greek astronomer Hipparchus of Nicaea (150 B.C.) developed the mathematical principle behind the astrolabe, stereographic projection (de Graaf 2011, p.2). Stereographic projection simplifies computations normally done by using the homocentric-sphere-model such as the calculation/ of the period of daylight and the prediction of the rising or setting of any celestial body for any day of the year and any latitude given (Borelli 2008, p. 43). To put it simply, it transforms the 3D model into a 2D one. This projection becomes the foundation of the astrolabe. Astrolabes were typically made of brass and had an average size of 7 inches. The astrolabe is comprised of 4 main pieces, the mater, rete, alidade and the plates, and has 2 sides, the front and back of which…

Hipparchus was an original mathematical genius; his distinctive, discoveries were pertinent in early history of science and math. Greek astronomer Hipparchus discovered trigonometry which derives from the Greek words trigonon “triangle” and metron “to measure”. Even though there were signs that the Egyptians used different ratio signs there was never proof they thought in terms of angles. Hipparchus spent a lifetime observing astronomy, which led to most of his discoveries. In order to make the…

about 16%. (Russell) Either way, the fact that Eratosthenes came very close to calculating the Earth's circumference accurately using geometry and a few tools is a notable feat. Further Developments Hipparchus of Nicaea was Eratosthenes' most notable successor, a skilled observational astronomer who contributed and discovered many things. Hipparchus, like Erastosthenes, used celestial events in Syene and Alexandria to calculate distance. However, instead of figuring out Earth's circumference…

and water screws. In 212 BC, while his city was being attacked by the Romans, he invented engines to help fight them off. He was killed in the same battle when a Roman soldier murdered him as he was drawing a mathematical figure in the sand. Egyptian-civilization Aristarchus: Both a mathematician and an astronomer, Aristarchus discovered new theories about the way the planets move in their orbits. Aristarchus thought that even though the earth revolved around the sun, it also spun on its own…

called spherics and was studied as part of the quadrivium of study [1]. While spherics became elliptic geometry, trigonometry evolved in its own path. Any discussion of trigonometry, however, must discuss the concept of angle first. Degree measurement for angles was already in use by the Babylonians in the year 300 B.C.E. This civilization was the first to assign coordinates to stars. The birth of trigonometry would occur around 140 B.C. when the Greek mathematician Hipparchus produced the…

period. Building off the findings of Hipparchus, Ptolemy invented a means of predicting the movements of the Sun, Moon, planets and stars – all the while in compliance with the Earth-centered teachings of Aristotelian cosmology. Not one to avoid controversy though, Ptolemy introduced the rogue theory of epicycles – smaller circular orbits in addition to the main orbit. Ptolemy is also accredited as authoring the Almagest, a collection of Greco-Babylonian observations with over 1,000 stars in 48…

the selection of officials by lot rather than vote, a democratic jury, an Assembly and a Council. After many years of persistent power struggle, the city collapsed back into a state of strife, and after many attempts, Pisistratus finally declared himself as tyrant of Athens (Blackwell). Throughout the years of Pisistratus’ reign, the citizens of Athens were content, well cared for, and the city had a generally harmonious atmosphere (History.com Staff). Pisistratus ensured that both rich and…

Ecliptic and all articles inside of our nearby planetary group will head out on ways near the Ecliptic in light of the fact that this is the plane of our close planetary system as saw from Earth. With Aristotle's model this movement couldn't be represented. Cosmologists of the time now confronted a decision: either to dismiss the model (maybe for another less mainstream one proposed by Aristarchus around 280 B.C.E. what's more, 125 C.E., two researchers, Hipparchus and Ptolemy, took the recent…

This is how they helped the Age of Exploration flourish. The Astrolabe is an angle and altitude measuring tool. The Astrolabe was first used for astronomy and astrology. It could have been invented by Hipparchus (Greek astronomer and mathematician). It was later used by sailors. The first use at sea was recorded to be in 1481. It was used on a voyage down the African coast by Portuguese explorers. So this tool helped sailors measure the angle of the sun which could then be converted to find…

technology, and positions of the stars will be mentioned while talking about the future. History: The discovery of constellations is fairly simple. Constellations were invented, not discovered. They were invented by farmers. Most constellations were made before recorded history. 50 constellations were invented during these times. The constellations were made with many names depending on what culture they were from. Greek, Mayans, Indians, and Native Americans. Ancient Egyptians are thought to…