Heterozygote advantage

gene suppression, which is another topic I learned in class. Gene suppression is described as a second gene blocking the mutant phenotype of the second gene. Through suppression, the phenotypic ratio of progeny resulting from a cross between two heterozygotes is altered from a 9:3:3:1 ratio that is generally expected. The example of such a cross provided in class allowed me to understand how the researchers deactivated the gene and figured out that is was responsible for creating knee caps as…

this cassette into the Sos1 locus to create a fused protein of the first 44 amino acids of the Sos1, β-galactosidase, and the neomycin phosphotransferase. These genes would be expressed under the Sos1 promoter. The goal of transgenesis was to take advantage of the higher chances of homologous recombination events that would occur using this construct where the selectable marker doesn’t have a promoter and translational initiator (this lets it use the Sos1 promoter to express these genes). A safe…

More severe diseases and higher viral titers will be detected in the homozygotes than in heterozygotes. We also expect to detect more NK cells and neutrophils at the infected tissues of heterozygous than those of homozygous mice. Depletion of either NK cells or neutrophils will promote higher viral infections and more advanced diseases in all the…

Introduction It is estimated that there are one trillion species on earth despite all being originated from one common ancestor, LUCA. In this essay the importance and origin of diversity within species and between species is explored using Coleoptera as the taxonomic group. Coleoptera is the most dominant order of insects with 350,000-400,000 species, this is 40% of all insect species (Gillott, 1995) and the largest order in the animal kingdom. The degree of differences between individuals is…

frequencies of the sickle cell traits, which lends evidence about the HbS allele frequency variation. The linguistic evidence supports the West African HbS allele frequency variation because the migration pattern shows the spread of the selective advantage of the sickle cell gene. The environmental variation matters a lot especially for this case as language gives significant biological influence on the human populations. In addition, cultural development based on archeological evidence further…

Sickle cell disease is an inherited disorder that is caused by a mutation in the DNA sequences that codes for the beta chain of the hemoglobin protein. Red blood cells are, normally, flexible and round, but with the sickle cell anemia the red blood cells become sticky, rigid, and crescent shaped. The Hemoglobin protein carries oxygen in the red blood cells throughout the body. With the disease, the blood cell’s shape can cause them to get lodged in the blood vessels resulting in the obstruction…

A bird that looks like a giant vulture does not usually have charisma nor hold a place in people’s hearts. There is one bird that seems to have transcended this prejudice, inspiring enough passion to create panic at the idea of its extinction. This bird is the Gymnogyps californianus or better known as the California condor. When its numbers began to drop in the mid-20th century, a frenzy began in order to understand why it was disappearing and attempt to bring it back. With the dedication of…