Hepatitis B virus

birds can be asymptomatic carriers spreading the virus, while domestic birds usually sicken and die in just a few days after contracting the virus. AI has been identified in over 100 different species of wild birds worldwide, with the majority of these being waterfowl (Center for Disease Control and Prevention). OVERVIEW I was unable to find a clear date for the imminence of AI in birds; however, the first human infection of highly pathogenic AI virus was detected in 1997 during a poultry…

Transformation of pGlO plasmid to an E.coli bacteria cell We pipetted 250 ul of CaCl2 transformation solution to into two separate tubes. Next, we used a sterile loop to transfer two to four larger bacteria colonies from an E.coli plate into each of the two tubes. The bacteria was observed under UV light to make initial observations. We pipetted 10 ul of pGLO plasmid (0.08 ug/ul) into one of the tubes. Both tubes were incubated on ice for ten minutes. After ten minutes of incubation, the tubes…

Biology is the science of life or living matter in all forms and phenomena, especially with reference to origin, growth, reproduction, structure and behavior. Living beings have the desire to discover who they truly are and how they came to be the person that they are today. Many people have specific beliefs in an ultimate being that rules over all else, but most of these beliefs cannot be proven. The study of biology is based upon facts and hypotheses that can be tested and supported. Without…

Specific Aim 2: Characterize mucosal MmuPV1 infection and persistence in nude mice by RNA sequencing analysis. Rationale: Both outbred and inbred nude mice are susceptible to MmuPV1 infection at mucosal sites including tongue, vagina and anus (16-18). Although all three sites are susceptible to MmuPV1 infection, the disease outcome varies. Vaginal tract are the most susceptible sites among the three and the infection can be detected along the vaginal tract and up to the cervical region (16,…

The integumentary system is the hair, nails, skin, glands and nerves. Some of the integumentary system’s functions are to protect the body from things on the outside, It helps hold body fluid, helps prevent diseases take the waste out of your body that isn’t needed and help people with keeping their body at a certain temperature. The integumentary system also helps peoples bodies hold water in fat, so that it can protect the body from being dehydrated. Eczema has no actual confirmed cause but…

Parasites is an animal or plant that lives in or on a host which is another animal or plant as it obtains nourishment from the host without benefiting or killing the host. Parasites may be characterized as ectoparasites, including ticks, fleas, leeches, and lice which live on the body surface of the host and do not themselves commonly cause disease in the host or endoparasites, which may be either intercellular (inhabiting spaces in the host’s body) or intracellular (inhabiting cells in the…

HENOCH-SCHONLINE PURPURA Usually called HSP, is a condition that affects the small blood vessels, this inflammation is known as vasculitis, their become swollen and irritated. HSP can affect anyone, it’s most common in children aged 2-11, and boys are affected twice as often as girls. A seasonal variation with a peak incidence in spring has been noted. The disorder was named after two German physicians, Eduard Henoch and Johann Schonlein, who first described the disease in the 1800s. Sometimes…

Measles is a highly contagious viral disease. It remains an important cause of death among young children globally, despite the availability of a safe and effective vaccine. Measles is one of the most infectious diseases known to humankind and an important cause of death and disability among children worldwide. Those unvaccinated against the disease are at risk of severe health complications such as pneumonia, diarrhoea, and encephalitis (a dangerous infection of the brain causing inflammation)…

A suspected case was defined as a sudden onset of high fever in a patient who had contact with a person with suspected, probable, or confirmed EVD, with a dead or sick animal, or with any person with a sudden onset of high fever and at least three of the following symptoms or clinical signs: headache, vomiting, anorexia, diarrhea, lethargy, stomach pain, aching muscles or joints, difficulty swallowing or breathing, or hiccup; unexplained bleeding; or any sudden, unexplained death. A probable…

Nanospheres of gold and organic suppress the development of skin cancer - scientists MOSCOW, July 2 - RIA Novosti. US bioengineers were able to successfully suppress the growth of skin cancer cells using microspheres of gold nanoparticles and spherical molecules of RNA, and published their findings in an article in the journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. "Now we can start a fight with a host of diseases. Thanks to the project "Human Genome" and all work in this area over…