Hepatitis B virus

1.3.7. Gastrointestinal SLE can involve any part of the gastrointestinal system. Dysphagia is noted in up to 13% of patients, and manometric studies have detected abnormalities of esophageal motility. Abdominal pain, sometimes accompanied by nausea and vomiting has been reported in up to 40% of SLE patients and can be due to SLE-related causes, medication side effects, and non–SLE-related causes such as infection. (33) Pancreatitis due to SLE is uncommon and usually is associated…

A study by Dr. Eric Chak in 2011 suggested that NHANEs data on HCV prevalence leaves out a large number of those who are predominately affected by HCV, those are the excluded groups of incarcerated, homeless, nursing home residing, deployed, and hospitalized peoples. While NHANES data usually contains PWID or the drug users targeted by our study, the NHANES survey underestimates the number of people living with HCV because it excludes these groups. So state VHPCs were asked to apply these…

Liver Cirrhosis Liver Cirrhosis is considered to be one of the deadliest disease among men and women nationwide. With its leading cause of death and illness mostly in the United States, roughly 5.5 million people, which is 2% of the U.S. population are affected by Cirrhosis. In essence, 26,000 deaths occur each year, but who/what age range does this disease usually affect? What are the causes and symptoms? Can it be cured? Let’s take a look at the facts and statistics! In the human body system,…

Nevertheless the liver is not functioning as it normally does and the body cannot excrete the copper, which leads to toxicities. Copper toxicosis is considered to be a secondary disorder in the liver that can lead to primary liver diseases such as chronic hepatitis, hepatic necrosis, and cirrhosis. Furthermore, the copper storage disease can be passed down through generations. The reason for this is because of the DNA marker, which is an autosomal recessive gene that can be passed down to…

membrane is advantageous to the virus as endocytosis uses (PI)-3 kinase…

About 2 billion people have evidence of past or present infection of HBV, and 248 million of these are chronic carriers of HBV in worldwide. Most of the people currently living with HBV infection are persons that were born before hepatitis B vaccination. The Prevalence of HBV in Iran is around 2% in general populations except Sistan and Baluchestan (3.38%-5%) and Golestan (5%-7%) Provinces that is higher than other parts of Iran. It seems that with the measures of the Ministry of Health,…

Cirrhosis: A Scarring Disease of the Liver Cirrhosis is a progressive disease, it gradually develops over numerous years, in anticipation of stopping liver function. Muir’s (2015) stated “Cirrhosis is a form of chronic liver disease (CLD) resulting from sustained liver damage from several causes, including viral infection, autoimmune disorders, cholesteric and metabolic disease (e.g., nonalcoholic fatty liver diseases [NAFLD]), or heavy alcohol use” (p. 1822). The liver is the largest solid…

Alcohol destroys the body The liver is a vital complex organ with many functioning roles that keep the body in constant equilibrium. It holds a great role with digesting, absorbing, and transporting nutrients within the body. Liver disease is a serious matter that is faced in the United States and many other parts of the world. There are various ways that dietary nutrition can harm this much needed organ, but the culprit that will be discussed is alcohol. According to Blake J., Munoz K., & Volpe…

States with increasing prevalence. It is the fifth most frequently diagnosed cancer and second highest in terms of mortality, with one million cancer deaths yearly. A variety of risk factors contribute to HCC, including hepatitis B viral (HBV) infection, chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, cirrhosis of any cause including environmental toxins, alcohol abuse, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, hereditary hemochromatosis or alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency among others. There has been…

Hepatitis virus C (HCV) is an enveloped positive-strand RNA virus widely distributed in the world, once nearly 200 million people are contaminated with the pathogen. The HCV virus is responsible for developing a chronic infection in the patient, leading to different degrees of liver disease and it is also able to cause systemic syndromes, even causing damages in the central nervous system (CNS). Signals and symptoms include fatigue, tiredness, impaired memory (“brain fog”), and they can even…