Hepatic portal vein

Coronary arteries are one of the most important parts of the body because of many different factors. Heart muscle needs blood rich in oxygen to function and pump more blood throughout the circulatory system. If the blood does not carry enough oxygen, the veins will carry it away. Blood can only be delivered when the heart is relaxed; because once they contract they become narrow. These arteries are structured differently as opposed to many of the other arteries in the human body. The coronary…

Impedance cardiography is a noninvasive technique for assessing stroke volume (and thus cardiac output) as well as pre-ejection period (systolic time intervals). To measure impedance, four dual-electrodes recorded basal transthoracic impedance (Z0) and the first derivative of that impedance, the change in impedance over time (dZ/dt). Biopac EL-500 dual-electrodes were placed on each side of the neck and on both sides of the abdomen (under the arms) at the level of the thoracic xiphisternal…

About blood Functions Blood is the biological fluid in our body that transports nutrients and oxygen to the cells, and also exports the metabolic waste product away from the cells. To ensure the supply of oxygen needed by our organs and tissues, there are four important steps: 1. The oxygen must be transferred from our lungs into the blood plasma 2. The oxygen is stored on the hemoglobin in the red cells 3. The oxygen is transported to our body cells via circulation. 4. The oxygen is released…

About the size of a large fist, heart is made up of cardiac muscle, myocardium, with skeletal muscle-like striations. It has two upper atria & two lower ventricles separated vertically by septum, and four main valves with which the blood makes its directional flow into and out of the heart. Deoxygentated blood with which the blood flows into and out of the organ. Deoxygenated blood enters through the venae cava fills the right atrium (RA) and right ventricle (RV) through the tricuspid valve.…

able to distinguish four adaptations that fetal hearts undergo while in utero. First, we must understand that the fetus receives all blood and nutrients from the parental placenta. The fetus receives this blood from the placenta through the umbilical vein. This is the first adaptation that we see in the fetal cardiovascular circulatory system. While the fetal umbilical cord provides the oxygen-rich blood to the fetus there is an opening that branches off the umbilical cord called the ductus…

The cardiovascular system operates our body by distributing and circulating blood to parts of our body. The blood in our body contains red and white blood cells, plasma, and platelets. Those are then distributed through the body to the pulmonary circulation. The human heart is the engine of the pulmonary circulation (Farley,2012). Blood is then delivered to our heart. Waste from the cells of our body is removed and blood is distributed to our vines (Farley, 2012). Therefore when we engage in…

Inhalation is the process of air being drawn into the lungs. During the process of inhalation the external intercostal muscles contract, therefore pulling the chest wall upwards and outwards, these intercostal muscles are between the ribs. As the air is drawn into the lungs, this causes for the thoracic cavity volume to increases, during inspiration the diaphragm also contracts, therefore moving the diaphragm downwards. There are three more muscles that contract during the process of inspiration…

The blood is moved through the pulmonary capillaries and alveoli where it exchanges the CO2 with fresh O2 and then moves out of the lungs via pulmonary veins and moves out of the other chambers of the heart and to the body and once again completes the cycle. It stands to reason that due to the short distance of a trip through the pulmonary system pressure in the lungs would be less than arterial pressure…

One candidate biological system that may function to optimize social connections is parasympathetic activity, often conceptualized as the functioning of the vagus nerve and measured as respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) or high-frequency heart rate variability (HF-HRV) at rest. The longest autonomic nerve in the human body, the vagus contributes to the innervation of the viscera, including the heart. Measures of cardiac vagal function like RSA have been used as a proxy for the parasympathetic…

All tissues in the body rely on oxygen (O2) that is transported in the blood to meet their metabolic needs. O2 is carried in two ways: dissolved or bound to hemoglobin. About 98% of oxygen is transported bound to hemoglobin. And the remaining 2% is carried in the dissolved state. Dissolved oxygen is the only form that diffuses across the cell membranes and produces a partial pressure (PO2) which drives diffusion. The transport of O2 involves the transfer from the alveoli to the pulmonary…