Hemolysis

esculin, resulting in a black/brown color of the medium in the tube. This meant that the pure unknown bacterium tube #332 was identified and confirmed as Enterococcus faecalis. According to the lab manual table, E. faecalis is Gram positive, has no hemolysis, oxidase negative, and bile esculin positive, all of which did not have any conflict with my…

Discussion: Each test is a pertinent contribution to drawing an educated conclusion. After performing the gram staining and observing which unknown culture was gram positive, a catalase test was performed. The catalase test allows lab workers to differentiate Staphylococci and Streptococci genus. The test was performed only on the gram-positive culture. Bacteria that respire by the use of oxygen, otherwise known as aerobic respiration, produce enzyme or “catalase”. This protects the bacteria…

under a microscope and found to be a gram-positive staphylococcus cocci. Upon receiving the tube, I looked over the results from our cocci report. I chose to streak a Sheep’s Blood Agar plate first. My thinking was if I were to observe weak beta hemolysis then I would have either Staphylococcus aureas or Streptococcus pyogenes. If the results were gamma then I would eliminate Staphylococcus aureas and Streptococcus pyogenes and narrow down my organism to Staphylococcus epidermidis,…

The genera Streptococcus and Enterococcus both consist of Gram-positive cocci that are typically arranged in pairs or chains during growth.5 These bacteria are non-spore forming, facultative anaerobes.1, 5,6 While some are important members of the normal human microbiota, others are pathogenic and cause human diseases.1, 6 Thus far, the classification of these bacteria into major categories has been based on: 1. Serologic specificity of the cell wall group antigens (Lancefield antigens) and…

marrow is unable to make red blood cells fast enough to meet the body’s need. The severity of the anemia depends on whether the hemolysis is occur in a gradual or abrupt manner and on the extent of erythrocyte destruction. Mild hemolysis can be asymptomatic while the anemia in severe cases can be life threatening. The clinical presentation of HA is depends on the cause of hemolysis. There are many types of HA. The condition can be inherited or acquired. Hemolytic anemia account for about five…

In RBCs, G6PD is the only enzyme which protect against oxidative damage.12, 45 RBCs continuously contact with oxidants as free radicals produced by conversion of oxyhaemoglobin to deoxyhaemoglobin and peroxides generated by phagocytosing granulocytes;46 here NADPH is the most important factor used to protect against oxidants. RBCs in normal individuals can activate NADPH generation in response to oxidative stress but not in G6PD deficient patients. G6PD deficiency leads to failure in protecting…

What is HELLP Syndrome? HELLP syndrome is a life-threatening liver disorder that occurs during pregnancy and postpartum. It is characterized by hemolysis (destruction of red blood cells), elevated liver enzymes (which indicate liver damage), and low platelet count. According to Olds’Maternal-Newborn Nursing Tenth Edition, HELLP is usually related to preeclampsia and about 10% to 20% of women who have severe preeclampsia develop HELLP prior to 37 weeks’ gestation 50% of the time. However it may…

Introduction Identifying unknown bacterium is not only vital to microbiology, but also to the medical and pharmaceutical industries in order to treat disease/infection properly. Bacteria are classified and identified to distinguish among strains and to group them by criteria of interest (1). There are several different procedures that can be utilized to identify a bacterium. This includes the oxidation test, gram stain, and catalase test. The purpose of this lab report is to show the…

The title of the lab: Microorganisms and Humans – Infectious Disease Lab Resource The aim of the lab: The aim of the lab was to see if student could detect streptococci causing bacteria in the back of their throats and other objective was to view pathogen causing diseases under the microscope. Activity 1 – Identification of Human Streptococcal Pathogens Materials 1. Glass microscope slides 2. Bunsen burner 3. Inoculating loop 4. Sharpie pen 5. 2 bacitracin discs 6. Sterile saline tubes 7.…

Vocabulary 1. Inoculum: a material used for inoculation. 2. Loop (the tool): A wire made into a loop to assist in picking up inoculum from a culture of microorganisms. The loop is also used in the process of cultivating microbes by transferring inoculum for streaking. 3. Agar vs Blood Agar: a. Agar: a growth medium made with agar and other nutrients. The agar allows microorganisms such as fungi and bacteria to be cultured. b. Blood Agar: Blood agar is used for the purpose of cultivation and…