Heat transfer

Thermal comfort is maybe the most important and easily defined parameter of indoor environmental quality. It is largely responsible for the occupants discomfort and well being and users require a thermally comfortable environment in order to identify that a building is performing well. Thermal comfort studies declare that thermal sensation responses to a given motivation and depends upon the occupants state of thermal adaptation which correlated also on geographic location and climate, time of…

SPRAY FOAM BASEMENT INSULATION: TORONTO Introduction Spray Foam Insulation (SFI,) also known as Polyurethane foam, is a very common practice among homeowners in the United States, UK, Canada, Australia, and some other countries. SFI is a heat-induced polymer – a spray-applied plastic with specially designed equipments capable of forming continuous insulation and serving as sealing barrier on walls, round corners, roofs, floor or ceiling cavity, as the case may be. It is produced by the mixture…

Abstract This lab report focuses on the two experiments on pressure systems conducted, the Marcet boiler and Boyle’s law. The aim of this lab is to investigate in pressure-temperature relationship, Boyle’s law, as well as steam quality. The results of this experiment support both relationship, as well as successfully providing a value for steam quality. For the Marcet boiler experiment, it was found that the higher the system pressure, the higher the saturated temperature. For the Boyle’s law…

2.3 Computational fluid dynamics Computational fluid dynamics or commonly abbreviated as CFD is the branch of fluid dynamics which is applied to simulate fluid flow, heat transfer, and associated phenomena such as chemical reactions by the numerical solution of the governing equations to analyze complex flows system such as complex turbulent flow (Versteeg and Malalasekera, 1995). Therefore, CFD has often been provided as the tool for testing of conditions which are not possible or difficult…

For example, heat exchange network development from the embryonic stage or retrofit of current systems are one of the challenges of chemical engineering nowadays. Heat exchange network design might have various objective functions, such as minimum utility costs, minimum investment costs or minimization of the number of possible matches in the configuration. To address these challenges, optimisation tools and techniques can be applied. The problem needs to be decomposed…

Case Study 1: 1.The most likely cause of the ABO typing discrepancy in the reverse type is due to “unexpected antibodies” such as a cold/room temperature reacting alloantibody. 2.Since the auto control didn’t agglutinate, an alloantibody is suspected. With that being said, it needs to be one that reacts at room temperature. Furthermore, based on the antigen typing of the patient P1 is suspected to be interfering with the ABO results. The Lewis antigen was ruled out due to it being present on…

3.3.2. Initial and Boundary Conditions. The pipe is subject to atmospheric pressure Po at time zero this represented initial condition . Boundary condition represented as at the pipe inlet profiles, uniform pressure Pinlet and its value change with concentration of nanofluid [φ%] and inlet temperature T0 = 60 ºC can be measured for all experimental . On the pipe wall, the pressure was atmospheric pressure Po . Moreover, flow and thermal fields are assumed symmetrical with respect to…

presented experimental results concerning mechanical characteristics of friction-welded joints in comparison with electron beam welded joints, made by 20VNiMoCr120 heat-resistant steel, which are part of some elements working at high pressure and temperature. The paper represents a study which suggests non-conventional welding and heat-treatment procedures for water and steam-supply pipes, large cylindrical recipients with high values of wall thickness, boiler pipes, steam turbines which compose…

1. OBJECTIVES The objectives of the experiment are: • Measurement of creep deformation in 2 materials; lead and polypropylene at room temperature. • Determine how creep deformation of chosen materials can be affected by stress. • Recognise that the two classes of materials show differences in creep behaviour. • Awareness of creep as a design consideration. 2. THEORY 2.1 Introduction Structural materials are often placed in service under a certain applied load at elevated temperatures (eg. wind…

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