Heat transfer coefficient

This project consist of Numerical and Computational Fluid dynamics analysis of heat transfer enhancement and the corresponding pressure drop over a flat surface equipped with cylindrical cross-sectional perforated and solid pin fins in a rectangular channel. The channel had a cross-sectional area of 250-100 mm2. The experiments covered the following range: Reynolds number 13,500–43,500, the constant clearance ratio (C/H) = 0, the inter-fin spacing ratio (Sy/D) 1.944 and 3.417 for Staggered…

Sadi Carnot, in 1824, explained mathematical principle of refrigeration operation. It was described as a heat engine. In the process of vapor compression refrigeration the refrigerant has to complete phases in cyclic order. In this process, heat is removed and consequently the desired location becomes cool. It is a mechanical process. Indeed, refrigeration system is the process of several refrigeration cycles. It is the widely exploited method for various purposes such as refrigeration,…

(Diffusion approximation model) is applicable when the medium is optically thick i.e. the optical thickness is much greater than 1 where a is the absorption coefficient of the medium, σ is the scattering coefficient of the medium and L is the average path length. The radiative heat flux is approximated as [3], (2.13) where qr is the radiative heat flux, Γ is the radiative diffusivity and G is the incident radiation. In contrast to the P-1 model (discussed in subsection 2.2.5) which uses a…

The thermal conductivity is depend upon porosity when the porosity increase thermal conductivity is gradually decrease due to that water and air are less conductive as compare to minerals, and on the other hand heat capacity increase with higher water content. During the installation of heat exchanger soil loss it structure due to drilling then the thermal conductivity is determined by mineral contain. The porosity of soil varies from place to place some kind of soil having less porosity but on…

going to focus on Jiu Zhang Suan Shu [Nine Chapters on the Mathematical Art] composed by Chinese scholars around 2nd century BC-10th century AD. I will use the binomial expansions derived from Pascal’s triangle as an example and then illustrate the coefficients expansion in general. After that, I will introduce Jade Mirror of the Four Unknowns written by Zhu Shijie around 14th century AD. My focus will be his idea of using the “four unknowns” to convert a problem into a mathematical system of…

Introduction Early man relied on fire for the luxuries of light, heat and cooking. Today, all these luxuries are taken for granted. At the flick of a switch, a push of a button or the turn of a knob, instant power is delivered to us. Mother Nature produces the natural renewable resources that can used to generate electricity and heat such as ocean tides, natural winds and the sun. A variety of these resources are finite including fossil fuels such as coal and oil. For the 21st century, coal, gas…

On really cold days or when you are away from your home on vacation, leave the cabinet doors to the under sink area open. This will help circulate the warm air in the space, keeping the pipes warm. You should also leave your heat on instead of turning it off. The temperature in your home may not drop below freezing, but it could fall dangerously low in the walls and crawl spaces. On particularly cold days, leave your faucets on so that they slightly drip water from them. This…

What do your results tell you? Are there any relationships, patterns or trends in your results? From our [processed] results, we can conclude that the polystyrene cup served as the least effective conductor of heat, the tin mug coming in at a close second. The most effective material for heat conduction was the plastic mug. At the beginning of the tests, all of the water in the cup declined in temperature at a steady, even rate, but once one minute had passed, they had all started to cool down…

4.4 Interpretations The data collected from this study are not strongly affected by convective fluid flow in the wellbores or surrounding strata. Rather, the geothermal gradient profiles show a more conductive thermal regime in the vicinity of the wells. Unfortunately, the wells are too shallow to make more significant observations of the deep thermal regime, but the high geothermal gradients in the Paliza Canyon and E10 wells show some promise of quantifying temperatures of a geothermal…

Evaporation: The rate of heat transfer in the evaporator is calculated using equations 10 and 11 Q_in=(εC)_evap (T_(in,evap)-T_evap ) (10) Where ε is the effectiveness of the evaporator, C is the capacitance rate for the air or chilled water passing through the evaporator. Tevap is the temperature of refrigerant in evaporator and Tin, evap is the temperature of the air or chilled water at the inlet of the evaporator. Equation 11 express Qin in terms of enthalpy. Q_in=m ̇_ref (h_4-h_1)…