Heat exchanger

The binding factor in nearly all kinds of power plants is how the power is actually produced: something heats water, turning it into steam, which then turns a turbine that generates electricity. The differentiating factor in the differents forms of power plants is how that water is heated. Nuclear plants fancy splitting atoms, coal plants burn coal, and geothermal plants skip the middle man, let Earth do the heating, and simply reap the benefits. Below the surface of Earth is a layer of rock so…

specific heat capacity of a substance? It is the amount of energy required to increase the temperature of one gram of a body by one Kelvin unit, expressed as J/K/g. The specific heat capacity also can be measured in J/K/Kg and J/K/mol. Substance Specific heat Capacity (J/K/g) Water 4.18 acetone 2.17 hexane 2.26 Compare the specific heat capacity of water with a range of other solvents. The table compares the heat capacities of water and two other solvents. Compare the specific heat capacity…

state of highest certainty, or order. Consequently, the universe is continually drifting toward absolute entropy. Another way to state the Second Law is this: energy can only be transferred from systems of high energy to systems of low energy. The heat between a hot kettle and room temperature air flows in the direction of the air until the two are at equilibrium. In other words, systems prefer to stay at a point of lowest potential energy. The two challenges seemingly posed by the Second Law…

life. Whether they know or not, everyone is constantly using some form of energy. Everything from walking, eating, and sleeping are all utilizing energy in different ways. Even applying ice to keep a glass of water cold is exerting a form of energy (“Heat Transfer”). Just like everything else, even ice releases a form of energy when put in water. This type of energy is a mix of convection and conduction. Convection is when thermal energy is transferred from one hot…

1.0) The Ellingham Diagram 1.1) Introduction The Gibbs free energy (∆G) of a reaction is defined as the measure of the thermodynamic force that drives a reaction to occur. When ∆G is positive, it indicates that a reaction will not occur spontaneously while when ∆G is negative, the reaction is spontaneous. The Gibbs free energy equation is given by : ∆G = ∆H –T∆S ∆H refers to the enthalpy and is a measure of the actual energy that is released when the reaction occurs. A negative…

involves discharging short puffs of air into the molten glass, known as gather, which is spooled at one end of the blowpipe. This causes the interior of the glass blob to form an elastic skin similar to that of the exterior caused to the decrease of heat emitted by the furnace. The glassblower can then rapidly inflate the molten glass to a comprehensible form and work it into required…

The Mpemba Effect The Mpemba effect is a rather unusual physical phenomenon where hot water freezes faster than cold water, under certain conditions. Intuitively, this doesn’t make any sense. How could water of higher temperature reach freezing temperature quicker than water of colder temperature? Water freezes when it’s molecules lose energy and slow down enough to stick together, forming ice. The molecules of water of high temperature have more energy the molecules in the colder water. So,…

sauna is a small room which is used to either get dry or wet heat sessions. These heat sessions can have great benefits on different aspects of your health. We will discuss here about some of the advantages gained from spending time in the heat. There are multiple benefits such as increasing endurance and improving muscles. First of all, it is important to understand that it is not easy to enjoy the benefits of a sauna. It produces serious heat and most people are not able to withstand it…

simplicity; where accurate and deep meanings have been considered which will also been elaborated in future sections. Briefly, the four Elements include the following components: Fire Air Water Soil a) Fire: comes with Heat and Dryness. It is the lightest of all Elements b) Air: comes with Heat and Moisture. It is heavier than fire, but lighter than water. c) Water: comes with Coldness and Moisture. It is heavier than Air, but lighter than Soil. d) Soil: comes with Coldness and Dryness. It is…

HOW JCB MACHINE WORKS The Basic Idea of Hydraulics: The basic idea behind any hydraulic system is very simple. Force that is applied at one point is transmitted to another point using an incompressible fluid. The fluid is almost always an oil of some sort. The force is almost always multiplied in the process. If two pistons fit into two glass cylinders fitted with oil and connected to one another with an oil-filled pipe. If you apply a downward force to one piston(suppose the left one), then…