Heart valve

Without the heart, you wouldn't be able to basically live at all. The heart pumps blood through the body’s cardiovascular system. The blood gives oxygen and nutrients to the organs and tissues in the body and gives carbon dioxide to the lungs. We need the heart to survive and have a working cardiovascular system. The heart has four main parts: the left ventricle,the right ventricle, the left atrium, and the right atrium. A wall of muscle called the septum separates them. Oxygen-rich blood from…

Prosthetic aortic valve endocarditis without evidence of vegetation Introduction The modified Duke criteria for the diagnosis of infective endocarditis (IE) include three major and five minor criteria. One of the major criteria is evidence of structural findings on echocardiography such as an oscillating intracardiac mass, abscess or partial dehiscence of a prosthetic valve (1-2). Less common echocardiographic findings of IE include pseudoaneurysm, fistula, or valve perforation. The American…

Congenital heart disease (CHD) is a defect related to the cardiovascular system. CHD alters the way blood flows into the heart. The irregularity of the heart in people with CHD is developed from birth though symptoms of the condition may not be present until adulthood. During the time of birth the closure of the ductus arteriosus (DA) should occur about 15 hours after birth though functional closure may be delayed for up to 3 months of life. Thus, an open DA is the functional indicator of…

epithelial cells that lines the inner surface of the entire cardiovascular system. In many veins, the tunica intima is equipped with pockets that act as one-way valves. These valves prevent the back flow of blood and allow the veins to act as supplemental pumps that help to keep the blood following in one direction, back toward the heart. The activity of the skeletal muscle that surround the veins will create the pressure that derives the venous pump. 2- Functions; - and oxygen the blood in…

ARTERIES The walls of arteries contain flat and smooth muscle fibre that deal and relax under the guidelines of the sympathetic nervous system. The functions of the arteries are: transport blood away from the heart and transport oxygenated blood only. Arteries have four different parts, which are lumen, endothelium, smooth muscle and connective tissue. In arteries, the function of the lumen is to fires blood into the arteries at a high pressure, and they are very thick. The endothelium is made…

increase in pulmonary blood flow. VSD is a hole in the wall separating the two lower chambers of the heart (AHA, 2016). The blood is shunted from the left ventricle artery, across the open septum into the pulmonary artery without any impediment (Ball & Bindler, 2008). The opening may cause a higher pressure in the heart or reduced oxygen to the body (AHA, 2016). This is the most common congenital heart defect, as reported by Ball & Bindler (2008) and it is responsible for about 40% of all…

This essay is going to be talking about what body systems are affected by the symptoms provided in the case study and how the patient’s health can be improved. It will also be looking at the structure and function of one of the body systems affected. The patient from the case study has a BMI of 18.5, which means that she is underweight. According to NHS choices (2014), the immune system does not function properly when a person is underweight making them more susceptible to contracting the flu…

People who have Endocarditis will have inflammation of the inner walls of the heart mainly in the heart valves. This can also infect artificial heart valves, pacemakers, or implantable defibrillators. Endocarditis infection is most commonly found in people with preexisting heart diseases. To get this infection the bacteria will enter the bloodstream and attach to damaged places of the inner parts of the heart, but not all the bacteria entering the bloodstream will cause this infection. If this…

Blood goes through the body in blood vessels called arteries, capillaries and veins. Arteries keep blood flowing away from the heart and throughout the body. The blood that travels through the arteries carries o2 molecules to give to the whole body. Arteries are thicker than any blood vessel in the body because it helps with the high pressures of blood being pumped from the heart. Once the blood traveling through the arteries reach the end of that particular blood vessel, it goes through a…

What conditions contribute to turbulent blood flow or heart murmurs. Turbulent blood flow occurs as blood moves through narrowed or leaking valves producing a swooshing sound over the precordium and a high heart rate combine with narrowing, causing the heart to handle a larger amount of blood flow than normal; the basis is increased blood velocity, structural valve malfunction, or atypical chambers. Some pathological causes of heart murmurs are anemia, high blood pressure, overactive thyroid…