Hathor

An ancient Egyptian temple at Abu Simbel had a granary that could store enough grain to feed 20,000 people for a year (Fernandez-Armesto 56-65). The ancient Egyptians, like all of the other river valley civilizations were completely dependent on agriculture for food and wealth, as Fernandez-Armesto says, “without agriculture, people could have no security of life.” Without agriculture people would not know where their next meal would come from, but with agriculture they would always know where…

Mummies, pyramids, tombs. All three of these icons of death are associated with ancient Egypt. This was a deeply religious society obsessed with death and the continuation of life in the afterlife. As such, many steps were taken to preserve the body and possessions of the dead as they journeyed to the Duat (underworld) in death. These steps included mummification of the body, storage of household objects, jewelry, and whatever possessions were deemed necessary for the next life. However,…

Women’s roles and lifestyles in ancient Egyptian society were defined by their class and varied due to each level of society. By law women were equal to men. This however, does not point to total equality as generally not all rights experienced by upper classes extended to the lower class, regardless of gender. Therefore, it is important to differentiate the role of women in each class of society. The distinct roles explored in this essay are the role of ordinary women, role of women in the…

the official cult of Arsinoe… was warmly received and practised by the [Greeks].” (Fishwick, 4) A renown ruler like Arsinoë II made her name known in other countries by aiding their policies. Her cult promoted Egyptian deities such as Mendes and Hathor, while also assimilating these roles into goddesses in Greece such as Aphrodite, Hera, and Demeter. This source shows the admiration of the Ptolemaic queen in Greece, therefore suggesting that it was not difficult for the Grecian people to follow…

was one of the most ancient of the Egyptian gods. Thoth is the god of wisdom. In artwork, Thoth was often depicted as a man with the head of an ibis, or a baboon. Khnum is the god of creation. In art he is usually depicted with the head of a ram. Hathor is the goddess of joy, feminine love, and motherhood. Sobek is the god of the Nile, the most important resource to the Egyptian people which sustains life in a land of sand. Ra, god of the sun, merged with Amun, god of the air, and became Amun-Ra…

Cleopatra VII could be considered the Queen of the Kings (Samson 1985:103). She had the title of a Pharaoh, but not the blood of an Egyptian as she was a Greek (Samson 1985:103). Cleopatra was not only a great beauty, but possessed charm, determination and great intelligence which contributed to her strength as a ruler (Samson 1985:103). The Egyptians seemed to have no problem being ruled by a woman as Cleopatra was Pharaoh of Egypt during the Ptolemaic period (Ashton 2008:72). She was…