Hans Vaihinger

In the recent decade, a heated controversy over the pros and cons of standardized assessment has been witnessed in both fields of education policy and applied linguistics (e.g. Taylor, 1994; Llosa, 2011, etc.). As a result, issues related to standardized language assessment have gained attention internationally. While the United States has been concerned with accountability and high-stakes consequences brought by the No Child Left Behind Act (Abedi, 2004; Menken, 2008), China has been…

involved in the missions of china and later created major problems as the cultural approach of Matteo Ricci was not shared by some of them. In China the Europeans exchanged the presence of Christian communities in China between the Roman Empire and the Han dynasty. Matteo Ricci’s work in china to see the education that he received in his native Italy. Matteo joined the Jesuits when he was eighteen and studied in the roman college where he had astronomer author of the Gregorian that was accepted…

9. Several factors combined to lead to the fall of the Classical Empires. External forces, such as the Germanic tribes and steppe landers outside of the Han dynasty, were jealous of Classical Empire wealth. This led them to invade these empires, which were weakened by being so spread out. Empires also declined because of moral decline, as empires grew comfortable with their lives of luxury. This created…

About 3000 years ago, what is now known as China became the most thriving empire of the time because of the ideas and abilities that the rulers and citizens had. They became extremely successful after a man named Qin Shi Huang Di took the throne and ruled China for many years. During this period of time they mapped a route called the Silk Road. The Silk Road was created to carry the many inventions that are part of our daily lives. Many of the inventions created in china helped it to thrive and…

China’s pollution problem can be attributed to many different structures that exist within the country. These structures make the issue extremely difficult to resolve and address; these structures are political, economic, and social. Politically, extortion and bribery is rampant in the Chinese government, this leads to money exceeding the needs of people. Economically, China is one of the top locations for companies to outsource production; as a result, China has no control over the emissions…

period circa 600 B.C.E. to 600 C.E. was significant in imperial expansion and consolidation. Both were extremely prominent in the Roman Empire and Han China. Each region had an effective bureaucracy, large religious influence, and a strong military which promoted imperial expansion and consolidation. An effective bureaucracy played a large role in both Han China and the Roman Empire. Each used their strong government to provision major cities. This meant that both governments were engaged in…

Gagaku is the traditional court music of Japan. The word gagaku originates from the literal Japanese pronunciation of the Chinese characters for the term “elegant music” (Britannica). The origins of gagaku trace back to mainland China where it was first developed as music for the imperial court of the Tang Dynasty. This music then spread east to Korea where it was adopted as the music of the imperial Korean court. During the 5th century, musicians from the the Korean imperial court travelled to…

Vietnamese Art In ancient Vietnam, art was more than something pretty to look at, it was a part of everyday life. Pottery from as early as 8,000 BC has been found in recent archeological dig sites in Bac Son, Vietnam (“History of…”). The pottery found was most likely used for cooking or holding water. Pots and jars did not have a lot of design, mostly geometrical patterns from the woven patterns used to make the jars. Around 2,000 years later, people began using bronze in their pottery.…

Qingming Festival is the masterpiece of Zhang Zeduan who is a painting artist in the Song Dynasty. The painting vividly captures the thriving life of people from Bianjing (Kaifeng), capital of the Song Dynasty. The entire painting was painted in hand scroll format, deployed the method of scatter perspective mapping, and bringing in varied landscape and numerous human characters all dressed differently. Moreover, with the development of a population of more than one million, it was really a…

conciliatory. Zong Mi who wrote the fifth document is a buddhist scholar that is trying to make the case that Buddhism is not a threat to traditional Chinese social and political structures. This document has a slightly defensive tone on Buddhism. Han Yu wrote the fourth document is a leading Confucian scholar who sees Buddhism as evil, illegal, and “does not conform to our laws”. His position and his livelihood is vested in Confucianism remaining dominan. Emperor Wu who wrote the sixth document…