Grassroots

policy elite, the pro-JCPOA forces were capable of depending on both traditional counter-lobbying as well as mass-level civil societal mobilization that appears to have made a concrete difference in terms of mitigating AIPAC’s otherwise tremendous influence. With these realities in mind, the interviews conducted above point to a context in which pro-JCPOA forces were effective in terms of directly lobbying the Congress specifically because they were supported by synchronous and concomitant mobilization within American civil society. Grassroots Lobbying and the JCPOA With the above in mind, it is critical to note that civil society’s involvement in the passage of the JCPOA was not solely restricted to elite interest groups. Rather, grassroots lobbying and activism also played a prominent role in terms of both supporting and opposing the agreement. From calling Congressional representatives to holding public sensitization campaigns, grassroots efforts (NIAC, FCNL), often aided by grasstopcs organizers like Ploughshares or J Street, were capable of reaching large numbers of citizens, and of demonstrating to elected officials that the majority of public opinion was indeed in favor of the deal. With…

racism, and beginning in the mid to late 20th century the Environmental Justice Movement grew to combat the politically normalized existence of environmental racism (Cole). The Environmental Justice Movement began as a grassroots environmental movement that faced many obstacles stemming from deeply rooted social constructs regarding race, and social class. The social standing of the communities that caused corporations…

the state do not know how these ballot questions get onto the ballot. This year there were four questions on the ballot. Question 3 was about how animals should have more freedom while they are in their cages. Question 3 was influenced by a lot of special interest groups ands news websites because they advertised a lot try to sway the public's opinion. Question 3 was heard a lot throughout the year and even more when the day to vote for the law was coming closer. This law will allow animals…

There are many interesting grassroots solutions that are available for us to talk about. I found these two issues to I would like to talk about first that I thought were interesting and informal issues like these are Important. Talking about these topics in the news would shed light on how other people live in different countries. Even though it is now the 21st century times now are still suffering because of the early 15th century when the Europeans came to these southern countries during that…

As per the grassroots lobbying, it includes gathering people in the community who are usually considered the voting public (Milstead, 2013) to support a course typical for everyone. When people of the constituency voice their opinion through the election of new officials, they can influence the issues and policies that are important to them. Collaborating with experts and individuals who are knowledgeable about the smoking and its effects is an advantage. According to Milstead, when constituents…

As discussed previously, JFK started an awareness of Civil Rights, his actions in Birmingham, coupled with the media coverage; however, it was LBJ’s ability to use his connections in Congress to pass laws that changed the face of voting and civil right throughout the United States. As far as the leadership at the grassroots level Dr. Martin Luther King is the most famous, due to the nonviolent protests and boycotts; however, Rosa Parks, Aurelia Browder, and Louise Keys, were the catalysis for…

representatives of special interest groups, looking to influence public policy by petitioning the government directly, or indirectly (Soltero, 2016; Lenz & Holman, 2013). Interest groups often engage in direct lobbying which consists of approaching government officials to persuade them of a position on an issue (Soltero, 2016). Direct lobbying can include, lobbying Congress by testifying in front of a committee meeting, lobbying the executive branch and independent regulatory commissions by…

The Sierra Club is united state’s most influential grassroots organization to date. They helped pass the Clean Air Act, Clean Water Act, and the Endangered Species Act. The Sierra Club was founded on May 28th, 1892 in San Francisco, California by a preservationist by the name of John Muir. Essentially associated with the progressive movement in the 20th century, The Sierra Club was actually one the first large scale environmental organization in the world. Their main goal is “to explore, enjoy,…

The Progressive movement reduced the level of political corruption but ultimately failed to • Question 2 Usually, if a candidate for president wins the most votes in a state, how many electoral votes does he or she get for that state? • Question 3 One explanation of the differences between political parties in Europe and the United States is that • Question 4 The role of the Democratic national convention has been transformed into a •…

A grassroots movement was catalyzed by American intervention in Vietnam. The United States threw their support in the war behind South Vietnam, in fierce opposition to the communist forces of the north (Vietnam War Protests, 2010). However, the war was costly and national discontent manifested itself in protests and rampant claims of conscientious objection. The demonstrators of the anti-war movement included famous faces such as John Lennon and Martin Luther King Jr (Vietnam War Protests,…