Granuloma

Generalized tonic clonic (GTC) seizures Generalized tonic clonic seizures are the classic form of childhood epilepsy, having four phases namely a) aura, b) tonic c) clonic d) post-ictal phase. Aura is a premonitory symptom, that occurs before the onset of seizure. It can be sensory, motor, visceral or autonomic. Only one third of children can describe aura. Aura is followed by tonic phase, in which the skeletal muscles undergo spasm. Muscular rigidity is the typical feature of antigravity…

Zinc and Immunity Various aspects of immune system are affected due to zinc (6,7,8). For normal development and function of cell mediated innate immunity, neutrophils and natural killer cells, zinc is essential element. The deficiency also affects the macrophages. The deficiency also affects adversely the growth and function of T and B cells. Besides zinc is an essential element needed for the synthesis of DNA, transcription of RNA, and activation of cells. Cytokines are adversely affected in…

For centuries, tuberculosis was thought to be an insidious, implacable theft of life, the germ of death itself. When a person was diagnosed with tuberculosis it was like a death sentence. Its cause was unknown until in 1882 German physician and scientist Robert Koch discovered the bacterium that causes the disease, Mycobacterium tuberculosis. This discovery has contributed to many other important events across multiple scientific disciplines. It is what lead him to receive the Nobel Prize and is…

Rheumatic Fever is an acute systemic inflammatory condition that appears to result from an abnormal immune reaction occurring a few weeks after an untreated infection, usually caused by certain strains of group A beta-hemolytic Streptococcus. The preceding infection commonly appears as an upper respiratory infection, tonsillitis, pharyngitis, or strep throat. Antibodies to the streptococcus organisms form and then react with connective tissue called collagen in the skin, joints, brain, and heart…

Desmoplastic Ameloblastoma: A Case Report Abstract Ameloblastoma is the most common odontogenic tumor of epithelial tissue origin. There are various types of Ameloblastomas. In that, Desmoplastic ameloblastoma is one of the rare variant of ameloblastoma. Because of its rare occurrence, exact nature of the lesion yet to know. Hence nature of the Desmoplastic ameloblastoma need to be highlighted. We report a case of desmoplastic ameloblastoma in a 45-year-old female with a painless swelling in…

The purpose of this informed consent form is to provide written information regarding the risks, benefits and alternatives of the procedure named above. This material serves as a supplement to the discussion you have with your doctor/healthcare provider. It is important that you fully understand this information, so please read this document thoroughly. If you have any questions regarding the procedure, ask your doctor/healthcare professional prior to signing the consent form. THE TREATMENT…

Tattoos have existed for 5,200 years. The first true siting of tattoos were on three Egyptian mummies and on Iceman. Most of these tattoos were on women. These tattoos were symbols of pagan rituals. Ancient tattoos usually had some spiritual meaning which was shown through a complex work of patterns. Although tattoos have been popular and are gaining even more popularity, they are not the best for anyone. Tattoos are harmful for human health. They contain traces of metals that could lead to…

1. Introduction The Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) vaccination is globally used for the prevention of tuberculosis throughout the world. In Lithuania 97.7% of new-borns were given BCG Danish 1331 strain vaccine in 2014 1. Although this vaccine prevents severe forms of tuberculosis (TB) and has a high safety profile, a variety of complications can sometimes develop. Mostly the complications are encountered in local skin complications2 and regional suppurative lymphadenitis; however, it can also…

Without a doubt, it is clear that a dual PET/CT scanner has greater sensitivity and specificity in accurately detecting malignant pulmonary nodules, than CT or PET alone. Gould, Fisher, Yi and Chang at al. confirm this finding through comparative studies that assess the efficacy of each imaging technique. Merging the individual qualities of both a PET and CT scan, allows for the combined advantage of identifying morphological features, anatomic location and metabolic activity of the tumor…

skin. The formation of the nodule emerges as a response of the host to foreign proteins. This causes an accumulation of excess leukocytes, fibroblasts, histiocytes and tissue cells around the blood cells which induces the formation of a granuloma. This granuloma, or mass of granulation tissue, is made up of macrophages which mature into epithelioid cells and fuse to create multinucleate foreign body giant cells, or nodules. The infiltrate that surrounds the nodules consists of macrophages,…