Golgi apparatus

Every cell in the body has a nucleus. The nucleus is the largest organelle and is contained within a membrane. The nucleus contains the body’s genetic material, which directs the activities, like the brain of the cell. This is built from DNA and proteins called histones coiled together forming a fine network of threads called chromatin. When under the microscope the most prominent part of the cell is the nucleus. The most visible structure within the nucleus is the nucleolus, which is where…

Insulin, one of the most important peptide hormone in the body, which plays significant role in maintaining the blood glucose level in the body. Under certain physiological conditions such as pregnancy, the body mechanism changes due to elevated levels of certain secretory factor like leptin, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1, TNF-α, plasminogen activator and testosterone (McLachlan et al., 2006), which produces certain adverse effects, insulin resistance being the most prominent one, where the…

Eukaryotic cells such as macrophages have the ability to go through the process of phagocytosis in order to ingest different harmful bacteria such as Legionella pneumophila. Macrophages ingest these bacteria in order to digest them, however, the Legionella pneumophila containing phagosomes (LCPs) avoid the lysosomes of the cell by replicating and converting the phagosome into an endoplasmic reticulum derived organelle with the aid of Sar1 and ADP-ribosylation (ARF). Sar1 and ARF are GTPases…

microscopy examined into detail the structural outline of the cell and organelles including: mitochondrion, Golgi Bodies and endoplasmic reticulum (Porter et al., 1945). This then created an avenue for enquiry into how these compartments within the cell interacts, how molecules move from one compartment to the other. In order to address concerns surrounding trafficking of substances through the Golgi complex, Caro and Palade, 1964 injected guinea pigs with a DL-leucine radiolabelled…

Microtubules, which are made of protein subunits called tubulin, are the thickest of all three cytoskeletal filaments. Microtubules are mainly serving as the paths along which vesicles are guided in their travels to various destinations, and are responsible for associating with motor proteins attached to the vesicles. Microtubules can also expand or shrink in length in order to establish dynamic structures that can efficiently change the internal organization of the cell, and capture organelles…

Nucleus: The nucleus is the control centre of the cell. It’s much like a blueprint that contains all of the instructions on building the body. It contains genetic material called DNA. This DNA has instructions for building proteins and is essential to cell reproduction. If a cell doesn’t have a nucleus for whatever reason will certainly die. The nucleus conforms to the shape of the cell so it could be oval or it could be spherical. The nucleus has three recognizable regions; the nuclear…

In a cell there are many organelles to help keep the cell functioning. In the cell you could have a cell wall, cell membrane, ribosomes, cytoplasm, flagella, cilia, nucleus, nuclear membrane, nucleolus, chloroplast, Golgi apparatus, lysosomes, mitochondria, plastid, rough endoplasmic reticulum, smooth endoplasmic reticulum, vacuole, and a vesicle. Everyday items can represent many of the organelles. One example of this is by looking at a house. In a house you have a fence. The fence in your…

Transports to different locations. The Golgi receives vesicle from the rough and smooth ER and then make new ones to be transferred to the cell membrane. Endoplasmic Reticulum sends vesicles to the Golgi and this is why it like the spaceship because the spaces ship has something called Thermal control sector, this sector keeps the spaceship in normal temperature.It keeps…

They are made within the nucleolus from 60% RNA and 40% protein, and consist of two subunits, one large and one small. When produced, the subunits stay separate to exit through the nuclear pores: it is only because of their miniscule size that they can fit through. Many ribosomes then bind themselves to the RER, although some stay free in the cytoplasm. Free and bound ribosomes both create polypeptide chains, which are used to make proteins. To create a polypeptide chain the large and small…

1. Why is the cell theory significant (don’t just state the tenets, explain what it means and why it is a theory)? The cell theory is significant because of it’s three basic ideals or principles. The first is that all organisms are made from cells. This means that cells are the building blocks of life and technically, all of life is connected and related to each other by this tenet. In addition, by researching and examine one type of cell, the results can be assumed for all similar types of…