Glycerol

placed in the running apparatus (Bio-Rad) and submerged with 1X TAE buffer. DNA samples were prepared for loading by adding 1X DNA loading buffer (Fermentas, Life Technologies, 10mM Tris-HCl (pH7.6), 0.03% bromophenol blue, 0.03% xylene cyanol, 60% glycerol, 60mM EDTA). A 1kb ladder was loaded first followed by the DNA samples. The gel was operated at 100 volts for 30 minutes, and the results were visualized using a UV transilluminator (Kodak EDAS 290). PCR Purification This was done using the…

On January 11, 1964, Luther L. Terry, Surgeon General of the U.S. Public Health Service, released the first report of the Surgeon General’s Advisory Committee on Smoking and Health. On the basis of more than 7,000 medical and scientific articles, the advisory committee concluded that smoking is directly linked to serious health issues such as cancer, coronary heart disease, strokes, and a variety of other serious medical conditions. (CDC) Since the reports initial introduction 51 years ago,…

Tobacco cigarettes cause 6 million deaths worldwide every year. Here in the U.S., 1,300 people die everyday due to tobacco related illnesses. That is nearly 480,000 deaths every year. Secondhand smoke exposure causes 41,000 deaths a year among nonsmoking adults. The dangers of smoking is no secret. Nearly 70% of smokers say they want to quit. Unfortunately, the nicotine in cigarettes is very addictive, making it difficult to stop. I believe there is a better alternative: the electronic cigarette…

Dental erosion is the wearing down of tooth enamel by acids. Different types of beverages cause dental erosion (Olde, 2015). By measuring the mass of egg shells before and after they are exposed to these common beverages will determine which beverages contribute the most towards dental erosion and tooth decay. The purpose of using egg shells is because they are made of calcium the same element that the human tooth is made of (Goldblatt, Samberson, Diamond, 2013). To test the effects of common…

1. Through which organs, and in what order does the bolus of food travel? • The bolus of food first travels to the oral cavity, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, and then to the large intestine. 2. How long does the food remain in each segment of the digestive tract and what physiological processing takes place during this time? • Chemical and mechanical digestion begins in the oral cavity. Temperature, taste, texture are sensed, and the saliva helps the chemical digestion because…

The Difference between Detergent and Soap The reason for this case study is to dissect the Difference between detergent and soap. In this case study, I will define the meaning of the cleaning agents, I will give you an introductory, I will discover how they are made, I will discover how they work, and why one cleaning agents is better than the other. This case study will be designed using the descriptive scientific method. The meanings of Detergent and Soap A detergent is a substance that cleans…

Weight-loss programs, whether commercial or personal, are aimed at individuals looking to lose weight. Choose a weight-loss program (0.25 marks) and evaluate whether the plan offers a nutritionally sound way to lose weight using the principles of energy metabolism and energy balance (1.25 marks)(Note, you will need to explain the weight-loss program, the details of the diet promoted, how it may “manipulate” metabolism to shift energy balance, and what body region (e.g. fat, muscle, water) is…

Biodiesel production is usually expressed through the process of trans-esterification reaction. Recently, homogeneous catalysts are broadly preferred for biodiesel production in eminent scale operation. Still, they are toxic, highly flammable and corrosive in nature [1]. Boey et al. analysed the purpose of the waste cockle shell from palm olein oil in biodiesel production of Anadara granosa. At 900 °C the waste shell was calcined for 2 h that mainly compiled of 71% of Ca to develop an active…

Lipids have a significant energy role, but also a fundamental role in the composition of the membranes of cells, nuclei, and nervous tissue. Focus on these fats and the foods that contain them. Edible fats Dietary fats should be present in the daily diet at 2-3 g / kg bodyweight per day (30-35% of total energy intake). But this rate is very easily exceeded because lipids are not always visible. The hidden fats are those that are contained in foods that do not appear fatty: meat, cold meats,…

The fact that Smallpox affected the poor more than the rich is evidenced through the fact that the vaccine that prevented Smallpox was created in 1776 by Edward Jenner and from there was safely improved through the addition of glycerol as a preservative.[7] The overall effectiveness of the vaccine should have been incentive enough to inoculate entire nations but without the advent of freeze-drying technology, the vaccines were not able to be transported long distances and thus…