Glucose

Protein Casein DCP & CE Hypothesis: Casein is made up of many individual amino acids. Each of them may have positively charge or negative charge depending on the pH of the milk. At certain pH value, positively charges and negatively charges of the casein will equal, so that the number of electrons equals to the number of protons. [1] Approximately pH 4.6 is the pH value that acid casein is precipitated and least soluble. In milk, which has a pH of about 6.6, the casein has a net negative…

Aim: This experiment will investigate the effects of different concentrations of fertilizer on the growth of duckweed. Hypothesis: It is expected that the cup with the most amount of fertilizer (cup D) over the 14 days will have the most amount of growth compared to cup A, B and C. Apparatus: 4x polystyrene cups 20x duckweed fronds (5 in each cup) 1x 5ml medicine teaspoon 1x tweezers 1x syringe 1x marker fertilizer Method: 1. Label each cup as A, B, C or D with the marker 2. Using the…

Gluten: Gluten is a type of protein that is found in wheat, barley, rye, spelt, oat and triticale (a cross between wheat and rye). It is present in many kinds of foods. It acts as a glue in foods in which it is present and hold food particles together. Gluten gives the elastic nature of dough in food and have the ability to rise bread. It gives chewy and fluffy texture like in bread. Gluten Consumption: Gluten is just fine for most of the people as they consume it regularly like in wheat or in…

There are three primary functions of the kidneys: Manage blood pressure Produce hormones and red blood cells Remove waste from blood Kidney disease for cats can be a result of a poor diet, genetics, bacterial infection, poisons and/or old age. This paper will provide nutritional guidelines in cases where age, diet or genetics generates chronic kidney disease (CKD) in a cat. While chronic kidney disease cannot be reversed and progresses with time, a diet modified for cats with CKD can help…

According to Edmunds (2014) pharmacokinetics is when the action of a medication in the body is study, which includes the process of absorption, distribution, metabolism and elimination (Edmunds, 2014). The patient that currently being cared for is a 73 year old female with past medical history of atrial fibrillation, kidney dysfunction and diabetes mellitus. Currently the patient takes the following medications: Pravastatin 10 mg, Lisinopril 2.5 mg, Digoxin 0.125 mg, Warfarin 7.5 mg, HCTZ 25 mg,…

Saturated fats that are solids at room temperature are the most common dietary fats. Common sources of saturated fat include red meat, whole milk and dairy foods, cheese, coconut oil, palm oil, many other commercially prepared foods, most deep-fried fast foods and baked goods. The word “saturated” refers to the number of hydrogen atoms that surround each carbon atom. When the carbon atom chain holds as many hydrogen atoms as possible, we say it as saturated with hydrogen. A saturated fats rich…

Introduction: The roles of ATP and creatine in muscle contraction The store of ATP in muscle tissue is limited even though it is the immediate source of energy for everything we do including muscle contraction. The cellular ATP needs to be regenerated from ADP quickly in order to keep the contraction going otherwise the vertebrate muscle contraction will use up the present ATP in 1 second. Fortunately, most cell has a high rate of ATP “turnover” which means ATP can be swiftly synthesised from…

INTRODUCTION CLASS : B.S-VIII CHEMISTRY SUBJECT: ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY TOPIC: SOFT DRINKS & ITS HARMFUL EFFECTS SUBMITTED TO: DR. SANA MUSTAFA MADE BY: HAFIZ MANSOOR HUSSAIN 11/05/2014 HAFIZ MANSOOR HUSSAIN 2 3. WHAT ARE SOFT DRINKS ? ? ? ? ? ? ? Soft drink is also known as club soda, soda water, sparkling water, carbonated water & fizzy water. It is water into which carbon di oxide gas under pressure has been dissolve, a process that cause the water to become effervescent. and…

Research Question: To what extent does temperature have an affect on the enzymatic rate of reaction between starch and amylase? Background Information: Enzymes and the function of enzymes are extremely vital to the human body in regards to how quickly the body can break down the macronutrients of starch, lipids, and proteins. I chose to investigate the breaking down of a complex carbohydrate (starch) because due to their size and structure, starch is broken down more slowly than other…

For the first part, the qualitative polyphenol oxidase test (Table 1), we looked at 3 qualitative test tubes, where only test tube 2 turned orange since this tube had both the 40 mM dopa, the substrate and PPO enzyme extract. However, the test tube 3 did have a cloudy component because of the presence of PPO extract, but there was no color change. For a color change to occur, there needs to be a presence of both the dopa and PPO extract. Furthermore, we calculated the final concentrations of…