Glucocorticoid

HPA Axis and Stress Introduction Stress is a common occurrence for many if not all people and animals. Stress can be increased or decreased in different situations or if there are certain situations that can induce stress. The reaction caused by stress is largely impacted by the hypothalamus pituitary adrenal axis which makes the body aware of the stressor. The mind sends signals to the endocrine, nervous, and immune systems to tell them to react in a way that is proper for the specific…

2. MONOCLONAL ANTIBODIES: 2.1. What are Monoclonal Antibodies? 2.1.1. “Clones” A clone is a group (family) of cells which come from a single parent cell that divides various times and are identical in all ways. In their structure, metabolic characteristics, functions, etc. 2.1.2. “Antibodies” An antibody is a protein which is produced by the human body’s immune system when it detects a substance that may be harmful (antigens like: bacteria, viruses, chemicals, parasites, etc). Antibodies…

Introduction Throughout a person 's life, there are many events, situations and experiences that will form a person 's personality and emotional wellbeing as well as influence their actions. Some of these events and experiences will affect the individual in many ways, either in positively or negatively. Some will provide great life opportunities, while others will unfortunately affect the individual in a negative way which can lead to emotional and behavior issues/problems. One of the most…

associated with a reduction in mortality (3). Studies show that low levels of vitamin D can lead to deformation of the airways, release cytokines and increase the smooth muscle lining of the bronchi. Vitamin D can potentially increase the answer of glucocorticoids in steroid resistant asthma (4). There are at least two important aspects of the relationship between vitamin D and asthma. the first claim is that lack of vitamin D in utero and early life is associated with an…

You’re hiking through the woods when all of a sudden you hear a stick crack. You look cautiously around for the hazard, but you see no one. Your heart starts racing. You begin to sweat. Your mouth dries and you feel butterflies in your stomach. Your hair stands on end. You feel a surge of energy and in a split second you find yourself running away from the noise. Whether you’re aware of it or not, your body just went through a response known as the fight or flight response also known as the…

Poverty is a severe issue that effects all countries worldwide, and burdens people not only physically but mentally as well. According to an article written on globalissues.org by Anup Shah, “Almost half of the world – over three billion people – live on less that $2.50 a day” (ANUP SHAH). Adults are not the only ones effected by poverty; children seem to be impacted the most because they lack nutrients that should be supporting their growth and development, which will effect them for the rest…

Discussion The proper diagnosis of chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS), or myalgia encephalomyelitis, requires familiarity with the early sings and symptoms of this disease. According to the International Association for Chronic Fatigue Syndrome/Myalgic Encephalomyelitis (n.d.), the diagnosis of CFS involves several critical elements about the patient’s history, patient’s symptoms patterns, and a complete exclusion of other illness causing fatigue. The National Institute of Neurological Disorders…

Kristin Fitzpatrick BI 456 Immunology Disease Term Paper 11/21/14 Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: Epidemiology, Diagnosis, and Treatment Options I. INTRODUCTION Lupus, Latin for “wolf,” originally referred to the erosive facial lesions that resembled a wound from a wolf’s bite. In the Middle Ages lupus was mainly described as a dermatologic condition. It was not until 1872 that lupus was considered a systemic disease that presented with subcutaneous nodules, arthritis, lymphadenopathy, fever,…

Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) and Substance Use Disorder (SUD) are two very complex and debilitating conditions that are often comorbid. One study found that around 25% to 40% of people with PTSD have cooccurring SUD diagnoses, and that PTSD is seen more commonly in drug dependence than alcohol dependence (Driessen et al., 2008). Whilst these disorders manifest differently in individuals, the relationship between the two disorders seems to be characterised by reactions and reinforcement.…

Social Stress: Theory and Related Topics Orgil Altankhuyag Social Stress : Theory and Related Topics By Orgil Altankhuyag 20120123046 MBB S(Medicine Bachelor and Bachelor of Surgery) student of Anhui Medical University Submitted in 2015/2/27 Key words: Symbolic interaction, Functionalism, Serotonin deficient, Stressors, Life events, Individual, General Adaptation Syndrome Word count: Abstract In this project, I want to discuss about stress, social stress theories, theories…