Glucocorticoid

Discussion There are many ideas about why we sleep, but the most common one (that people know) is to gain restoration. Essentially, all energy burned throughout a single day is restored when we sleep. Depleted during the day, rebuilt during the night. What’s important to note is that many genes found within the brain are only stimulated and active during sleep; more importantly, these genes are associated with restoration and metabolic pathways, so this idea makes sense. The most profound and…

Growing up, I was usually a shy child, always clinging to my parents when in unaccustomed situations or around unfamiliar people. As I grew older, this shyness manifested itself into a sometimes crippling social anxiety. My anxieties have affected my daily life since middle school- the thought of answering a phone when it is someone I don’t know calling often leaves me paralyzed, asking for help in a store is something I can never manage, and speaking out in class is always a nightmare. I would…

controlling the release of pituitary peptides manufactured by differential cleavage of pro-opiomelanocortin, particularly by adrenocorticotrophic hormone, encephalin, and endorphins. Adrenocorticotrophic hormone prompts downstream delivery of glucocorticoids from the adrenal cortex. The initiation of the sympathetic nervous system by CRF is facilitated by direct innervation of the locus coeruleus in the brainstem, which proceeds widespread release of norepinephrine throughout the brain and…

INTRODUCTION Chronotherapy is the administration of drug or treatment according to the circadian rhythm of body that give maximum therapeutic effect and minimum adverse effects. Circadian rhythm control the biochemical process and functions of the body and environmental factors such as light, temperature, food intake can influence the circadian rhythm[1]. The pathological state of the disease condition have an observed rhythm for almost all diseases like asthma, cancer , hypertension etc. This…

newly diagnosed PCNSL, and there is variation in clinical practice. General principles that guide therapy in patients with PCNSL include the following: both radiation and selected chemotherapeutic agents, surgery (mainly a diagnostic tool), and glucocorticoid medications. When using MTX, it is usually given at sufficiently high doses to penetrate the CNS. MTX is the most active single agent against PCNSL identified to date (Batchelor, 2016). Nursing Management: I would monitor the patient’s…

1. What were the main findings of Mr. Penzey’s physical exam? How could his CT results be related to his blood pressure findings? When Mr. Penzey's case study was analyzed, the initial tests performed on him indicated multiple findings. A mass was found during the CT scan, located on the adrenal gland; the adrenal gland is located on top of the kidneys, their function is to help in burning proteins and fats. This is how the adrenal gland keeps the blood pressure under control and regulates…

may also have dysregulation of the afferent signals, central nervous system integration, and efferent signals. Many of these factors are influenced by genetic predispositions in different populations. The occurrence of obesity and its pathogenesis as described above is influenced by both environmental and genetic components. In previous sections the environmental aspect was discussed, here the genetics behind obesity will be reviewed. Within the genetic component, there are degrees of…

Congenital optic nerve hypoplasia (ONH) is a condition in which one or both optic nerves are not fully developed, giving the appearance of abnormally small, pale optic nerve heads upon fundus examination (AAPOS, n.d.). In comparison to the size of the disc, the retinal blood vessels appear larger than normal, when in actuality the vasculature is of normal caliber (Kaur et al, 2013). This non-progressive developmental abnormality is typically characterized by a combination of neurological,…

Jones. Mr. Jones appeared to be in distressed. He is now using his accessory muscles to breathe, crackles are heard on auscultation and there is decreased air entry in the left and right bases. Chest X ray revealed consolidation on the left lower lobe and atelectasis in the right lower lobe. After a series of investigation in the emergency department, Mr. Jones was commenced on Normal Saline at 125 mls/hr and he was given oxygen via non rebreather mask at 10L/min. He was then transferred…

The patient, Nicole Mills, began with having acute nausea which rapidly escalated to dizziness and vomiting. Mrs. Mills explained that, as time progressed, her stomach felt as though it was “going to burst.” After taking some time off work, the patient accounts that the symptoms appeared to had gone away. This feeling was short-lived as small pains began to appear in Mrs. Mills’ abdomen. Furthermore, her nausea returned along with the added symptom of hematuria. It was at that point that Mrs.…