Glands

the Institute of Experimental Medicine from 1891 to 1900. Pavlov did extensive research on organs and their functions, and made many break throughs with work on the digestive system. During his research on the regulation of the activity of digestive glands Pavlov had his big break through in the field of psychology. This lead to the recognition of Pavlov’s infamous dogs, and many theories in behaviorism and conditioning. While measuring the activity of the salivary…

For example the ΔF508 mutation is expressed more in the sweat glands than in the cells of the repiratory and intestinal epithelia (Kalin N et al, 1999). The tissue specificity of the CFTR mutation is dependent on the amount of CFTR mRNA transcribed in each of the epithelial cells. In the respiratory system and the…

α-neurotoxins(Lewis and Gutmann, 2004). There are about 2,340 species of snakes in the world and more than 420 species are venemous (Lewis and Gutmann, 2004). That might seem like nothing but realistically is a lot. Snakes use glands to inject venom, which are actually modified salivary glands that are situated below the eyes (Lewis and Gutmann, 2004). The numerous toxins present in snake venoms result in injury to several organ systems including muscles, kidneys, and blood coagulation…

Cancer Medicine (Oncology) Cancer cells arise from different normal cells, thus when the normal cells become abnormal, it allows the cancer cells to grow out of control. Cancers can start almost anywhere in the human body, it can occur in any tissue and at any time of life, but mostly, elders have the highest risk. Cancers are called neoplasm because neoplasm is new growths that arise from normal tissue. Furthermore, there are two different characteristics of neoplasm: benign and…

the oral cavity and salivary glands. The function of the oral cavity is the ingestion of liquids, solids and the chewing of solids to break them down ready for the stomach. Salivary glands in the oral cavity secrets saliva in order to aid smoother digestion down the oesophagus and amylase starts breaking down any starch. As authors Marieb and Hoehn(2015) states the submandibular and Minor salivary glands secrete saliva, serous fluid and Mucus, but the Von Ebner’s Gland secrete a fluid which…

Botox works by relaxing overactive muscles and can also block sweat glands as well as blocking the release of certain chemicals in the brain which are known to cause migraine headaches. In the first case, for example, a Botox injection to treat frown lines works by basically not allowing the facial muscles to contract giving a more youthful appearance due to the absence of lines on the skin. Using Botox to treat sweat glands works by blocking signals in the body which cause a person to sweat…

Mononucleosis Overview: The mononucleosis or glandular fever is an infectious disease caused by the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). It is characterized by sore throat, swollen glands and fatigue, which can last for weeks. It affects more adolescents and young adults and produces lifelong immunity against the virus. The integrated medicine addresses this disease with measures to combat the symptoms, with a nutritious diet to support the immune system, with massage and homeopathic remedies. Causes:…

inflammation of the skin of the scalp, presenting as yellow crusted lesions. The condition usually subsides within the first year. The cause is thought to be a reaction to some substance in the sebum or fatty material that is released by the sebaceous glands of the scalp skin. This is possibly caused by an excess of sebum-producing hormones in the infant’s blood, which have been transferred from the mother in the last few weeks of pregnancy. Symptoms Cradle cap is not infectious, nor is it…

unknown amphibian that you have) Pseudoeurycea orchimelas has a rounded snout, small nares, and a postorbital groove. It has two rows of vomerine teeth and enlarged premaxillary teeth. Its head is wider than its body and it does not have parotoid glands present. It has 13 costal grooves with short and slender limbs, four digits on each manus, and no constriction in the tail. (Brodie, Mendelson & Campbell, 2002) DIAGNOSIS: (How this species is differentiated…

Hypocalcemia, Infant Hypocalcemia means the calcium level in the blood is low. Calcium is a mineral in the body that is important for the function of: • Heart and muscle. • Cells. • Nerves. • Bone structure. • Blood clotting. There are 2 kinds of hypocalcemia in infants: • Early hypocalcemia happens in the first few days of life. This early type is usually a temporary problem that is easily treated. • Late hypocalcemia shows up after the first few days of life. CAUSES Early…