Gibbs free energy

accomplishing a task or purpose.” In the novel Ender’s Game, by Orson Scott Card, Ender the protagonist is told that “Human beings are free except when humanity needs them… Individual human beings are all tools that the others use to help us all survive” by a man named General Graff. Although all human beings deserve freedom, I believe that the statement, “Human beings are free except when humanity needs them… Individual human beings are all tools that the others use to help us all survive” by…

Man exists not to be controlled, not to be ruled, and not to be restrained, but to live free. In the world today, people of all genders and races have the freedom of choice without control. The choice to fail or succeed, speak or listen, live or die, be brave or afraid exist as examples of freedoms human beings have whenwhen born to this planet. We We hhumans need to embrace this blessing of freedom to live a prosperous. Freedom allows us to live for ourselves and without it we need no longer…

Up until the Holocaust, Elie Wiesel’s faith grew even stronger as he suffered through the torture in concentration camps, but with the help of God he was able to surpass the great evil that existed. After being forced into trains and ghettos, Wiesel did not know what was going to happen to the Jewish community, and despite the fact that he was imprisoned because he is Jews, it actually saved him as he kept his faith true and strong with God. In the interview with Oprah Winfrey, he explains how…

they take necessary steps if they want to achieve something or prove something in their lifetime. Given the two views, this paper will discuss how individuals are responsible for their behaviors and life circumstances. Theory of Free Will and Determinism The theory on free will includes a person who voluntary acts without being hindered by external control. This theory further supports the idea that if a person acts on a certain thing, he should feel that we really wanted to do it with the…

Confessions, Book Seven, Augustine talks about his views on the origin of evil. The first thing he talks about is how evil exists because of our free will (119). Augustine states how God would not have created evil because He is not able to be corrupted (120). God could not let evil into the world because evil is corrupted while God is incorruptible (120). Free will allows evil to come into because it gives humans a choice to either commit an evil act or not. Augustine then goes on and states…

Hume better understood that free will is necessary for people to act upon their desires. I agree with him because Frankfurt’s concept of person by second-order volitions is unreliable. He contradicted himself when he illustrated the unwilling addict argument. Namely, an act is only…

previously mentioned, free will may explain how there is evil, but now the focus shifts as to why there is evil. Although God did not create evil, He instead created the free will within humans that enables certain evil. God, being almighty and intelligent, would surely suggest a reason as to why He allows for evil’s existence despite having the power to stop it. This reason being the price one pays for having free will. Unfortunately, thousands of people have used this free will for bad…

happen could have never happened; the inevitability of causation. To a determinist, there are causes like unconscious causes that operate and bring the person to inevitably what he or she will eventually do. Free will and the whole idea of it is considered wrong or an illusion. The essence of free will is that in a given situation a person has the option to have or do more than one possible response; a choice. For determinists, you cannot have multiple options because the idea of having a choice…

Leslie Green, a student of Raz, writes this article to show scholars that it is possible to change social morality. Once he proves that it can be changed, he argues that it should be changed through enacting laws. Green believes there is an unchanging, objective, set of morals that we as a society is always working towards. This set is considered ideal morality, and acts a goal. Then there is social morality, this is the current state of society and what our laws depict. Green defines social…

Often humans hold the notion that they have complete free will and choice over their actions. Unfortunately, this is a lie, perpetrated by a feeling of choice. In actuality, all choices every single person makes are predetermined by their upbringing and personal attributes and virtues. It is this notion that Strawson deems “The Basic Argument.” Strawson not only argues that humans do not have free will, but also that they have no moral responsibility. If one did not have the power to choose his…