George Martin

Existential Ideas of Two Distant Eras Ever since the creation of the universe and life, humans and other intelligent beings have questioned their existence. Forms of art such as music, paintings, and literature attempt to provide answers to and comfort in the presence of life’s toughest questions. Plato’s “The Allegory of the Cave” written circa 380 B.C.E. provides an early insight into the meanings of life for different individuals’ lives using existential principles much later defined by…

people could buy and read bibles not just the priest anymore because of the printing press(Doc.4).In 1500 all of Europe was Catholic,but in 1560 Europe were Catholic and Protestant(Doc.5).The facts show how there was corruption in the Church.And How Martin…

Literary works generally acknowledge their authors aspects on distinct social issues. Tartuffe a play by Moliere, and Candide an abstract satire by Voltaire, both deal with the question of religion in society. Tartuffe is a satire on the position of the middle class toward religion in seventeenth-century France. Moliere is strong on the belief in religious moderation and disapproves religious hypocrisy and hatred. On the other hand, Voltaire’s Candide satirizes eighteenth-century European…

1. Since Pope Leo X needed money to build the Saint Peter’s Basilica, he collected money by selling indulgences. The Doctrine of Indulgence says that the church would have the authority to grant people merits to give spiritual benefits. Luther would later then attach to the door of the church at Wittenberg Castle the list of the 95 theses on the indulgences. Soon he would publicly challenge the authority of the Pope and the church council and the response was by giving him two months or be…

When Pope Paul V made the decision of placing Venice under interdict in 1606, the Catholic Church’s slow but steady decline since the end of the Middle Ages became more rapid and apparent to both the secular leaders and common people of Europe. Paul V was initially concerned about laws that restricted the clergy’s right to acquire land (de Vivo 157), and tensions reached a breaking point when a cardinal and bishop were jailed for violating these laws (“Paul V”). The doge and Senate of Venice…

Sacrifice St. Maximillian Kolbe was born in 1894 in the Kingdom of Poland. "He was a Polish Franciscan and martyr in the German death camp Auschwitz." His brother Francis and himself joined the Fransicans at age 12. He professed his first vows in 1911 at age 18. He then went on to earn a doctorate in philosophy from the Pontificial Gregorian University. (Terese) "He was very active in promoting the immaculate Virgin Mary and is known as the Apostle of consecration to Mary."…

Martin Luther, he was one important aspect portraying to the Roman Catholic Church Reformation. Luther was born in Germany in 1483. He was a man who tried to live as the church instructed but he still felt he was a sinner and that God would punish him. His fear lead him to believe that people could be saved only if they believed in Christ. Resulting Luther questioned the idea that salvation could be given only through good works. Luther influenced the Catholic Church and its followers, as well…

After Martin Luther took issue in his Ninety-five Theses with Catholic interpretations and traditions that were not explicitly in the bible, the Council of Trent made declarations as well as a few regulations to reaffirm the Catholic faith. The regulations were made in response to the distaste that the public had shown to the Churches' methods of fundraising. As such, the Church made stricter regulations to combat accusations of corruption such as stricter rules on indulgences. They also made…

Tetzel: "Indulgences will save your soul, so you won't suffer in purgatory." Luther: " What do you mean, they will save your soul? All the money collected is just part of a scam, for the people don't even know they're being saved." Tetzel: " The Pope is saying these indulgences will save your soul, are you saying you don't believe in the authority of the Pope?" Luther: " As I have said before, ' the Pope has neither the will nor the power to remit any penalties'. Also, the bible has never said…

Peasant Rebellion During the years of 1524- 1525, peasants who resided in parts of central and southern Germany revolted against the lords and princes in which had long governed their lives. Peasants who lived during the 1500s were devoid of rights; they were forced to labor on the fields of their lords, while being underpaid and undernourished. When learning of Protestant reforms, which “reduced [the] independence of the Church as [the] intermediary between man and God” (Merriman 94), German…