Genotype

__________ = Percentage = __________ Total = _________ q² = _________ % of the class Therefore q = the frequency of q allele = √ q² = __________ 1 – q = p = frequency of the dominant allele ( ) = _________ p = genotype of homozygous dominant = ________ % of the class 2pq = genotype of the heterozygous dominant = _______ % of the class p² + 2pq + q² = 1 = _______ + _______ + _______ = 1 …

Prenatal Genetic Testing: A Technology of Normalization Prenatal genetic testing is a technology made available to more accurately determine whether or not a child could have a birth ‘defect’. The most common birth defects tested for are Down syndrome, Trisomy 18, or an open neural tube defect (Government of Canada, 2013). This paper asserts first that prenatal genetic testing is a technology of normalization, which labels disability as abnormal and a feared outcome, and second that…

Selenium plays an important role in boar nutrition via participating in selenoprotein synthesis. It seems likely that selenoproteins are central for antioxidant system regulation in the body. Se-dependent enzyme glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) is the most studied selenoprotein in swine production. However, roles of other selenoproteins in boar semen production and maintenance of semen quality also need to be studied. Boar semen is characterised by a high proportion of easily oxidized long chain…

With just a simple idea, further research of the human genotype and diseases can prepare and defend against future diseases. This teaches the basic mechanism of natural selection, and with that knowledge we can probably develop new ways to tamper with the human genotype to protect against genetic disorders. Overall, I found this book entertaining, I did not like the off topic vignettes. While learning little theories…

Is personality determined by heredity; where certain alleles are passed down into offspring and expressed in a variety of ways? Maybe it has something to do with upbringing and social interactions? Both? Personality is influenced by a variety of factors, with no singular clear cut explanation to fit every instance. This paper will explore the ways personality works the way it does, illustrating points with genetics, psychology, mental illness, the Myer-Briggs indicator and many more interesting…

Father of modern genetics, Gregor Mendel, is well known for his garden pea plant experiment in which he discovered the phenomenon of “dominant” and “recessive” traits (Orel, 1996). His experiments led him to what is known as today’s Mendel’s Laws of Inheritance: Law of Segregation, Law of Independent Assortment, and Law of Dominance (Orel, 1996). The Law of Segregation states two alleles for a heritable character separate from each other during gamete formation and end up in different gametes…

Coleoptera is the most dominant order of insects with 350,000-400,000 species, this is 40% of all insect species (Gillott, 1995) and the largest order in the animal kingdom. The degree of differences between individuals is large due to the changes in genotype. They are found almost in all regions of the world as they are able to survive and adapt to a range of habitats but they are not common in the sea or the polar regions. Origin of diversity within species The individuals of a species…

Introduction: Caffeine (1, 3, 7-trimethylxanthine) is the most widely consumed psychoactive drug in the world. It has antioxidant and insecticide properties that can affect metabolism and cognition. Men and women aged 35 to 64 years are among the highest consumers of caffeine. Major sources of caffeine were coffee (71%), soft drinks (16%), and tea (12%). Coffee was the major source of caffeine in the diets of adults, whereas soft drinks were the primary source for children and teens [2].…

Drosophila Melanogaster, or better known as the common fruit fly, is found all over the world and referred to as the cosmopolitan species (Mitrick, 2010). This fruit fly has three main body parts, which include the head, the thorax, and the abdomen. On males, the bottom half of the abdomen is black, while on the female, each segment of the abdomen is striped black. Drosophila have four main stages to their life cycle. These include: egg, larva, pupa and adult. The eggs small and translucent eggs…

Furthermore, advances in personalised medicine could also improve the cost-effectiveness of existing treatments by tailoring medications to an individual’s genotype. This is important as often major drugs will be ineffective in more than half of some patient populations (Spear, Heath-Chiozzi, & Huff, 2001). Using personalised medicine to inform the treatment of treatment-resistant depression is one example of how genomically guided therapies may reduce the costs of high rates of trial and error…