Genome

When it comes to the topic of CRISPR-Cas9, a rising technology that allows geneticists and medical researchers to edit and change parts of the genome by removing, adding or just replacing parts to the DNA sequence, most people would readily agree that this technology should be extinct in this world and scientist should examine and test all possible experiments about the genetic sequence because of its potential benefits. CRISPR-Cas9 could be easily used to cure organisms’ genetic disease. Not…

Genetic transformation is the process in which a gene from one organism inserts itself into a different organism thus changing that organism’s genetic makeup, “Genetic transformation literally means change caused by genes and involves the insertion of a gene into an organism in order to change the organism’s trait.” Abraham, Anup.2016. Bacterial Transformation. Biology 281 Conceptual Approach to Biology for Majors I. Arizona State University. Hayden-McNeil. In this experiment, bacteria will be…

Kwon-Chung in 1976 has mentioned that C. neoformans exists as two mating types, MATa and MATα which is determined by single locus with diomorphic alleles.(Halliday CL et al, 1999). The MAT locus of C. neoformans is larger and consists of 100 kb having more than 20 conserved genes. These mating types play an important role in sexual development changes. These also play a vital role in epidemiology by knowing the prevalence and virulence of the isolate (Lengeler KB et al, 2000). Based on the…

In this globalization era with well-developed nations and advanced technologies, it happens where great minds combined with those technological advancements, have a lead to creations and achievements that somehow would have been impossible to be created or achieved. Genetic engineering made it possible to this matter. Generally, it is understood that genetic engineering itself is the technique of altering the genetic constitution of cells (or individuals) by the selective removal, insertion or…

Introduction: Genetic transformation is used in many areas of biotechnology. In medicine, diseases caused by defective genes are beginning to be treated by gene therapy by genetically transforming a sick person’s cells with healthy copies of the defective gene that causes their disease. Genes can be cut out of human, animal, or plant DNA and placed inside bacteria, which could treat a person with that disease. For example, a healthy person’s gene for the insulin can be put into bacteria. Under…

Discussion: This experiment was designed to understand how manipulating protein expression would change C. elegans’ level of chemo sensation. Based on the data generated from our individual data and the class data, the data did not match the theoretical numbers. Only our individual syd-1 data was able to exactly match with the theoretical chemotaxis index. There are many potential reasons why the worms did not move towards the diacetyl, however, it was surprising how syd-1expressed such a…

C.R.I.S.P.R.-Cas9 is a technology that is used to target specific stretches of genetic code and edit DNA at precise locations.It also finds breaks in the DNA and either puts it back together with a tiny change, or puts it back together with a piece of donor DNA. It allows scientists to modify genes in living cells and organisms, and also may cure mutations in the future. I think that this technology is and isn’t a good thing to spread around the world. There is more pros to C.R.I.S.P.R.-Cas9…

One great organism to study is Caenorhabditis elegans (C.elegans ) because it is hermaphrodites, transparents and small enough to observe under the microscope. After adding mutagens to them, scientists can get all kinds of freak worms after few days. “Bag of worms” are one of them. It can not lay eggs so its body occupied with dozens of eggs. When eggs hatched inside the worm, larvae eat the mother worm and them come out. Ambros, a scientists who just finished doctor degree at MIT, first…

Bacteriophages (phages) are viruses that exclusively infect and replicate within bacterial cells. Phages are ubiquitous, with an estimated 1x106 particles per drop of seawater and as many as 1x108 particles per g of soil. Phage predation destroys an estimated one-half of the bacterial population worldwide every 48 h, hence regulating the population dynamics of natural bacteria (Deresinski 2008). Bacteriophages attach to their host cell by specialized structures called tail fibers, inject their…

When dog owners identify an interesting trait in a dog, Some owners would breed that in hope that the trait would be passed on. After many times of this situation happening, (especially where two dogs with the same trait are bred with each other) traits become fixed. If you can understand the genetics, you can start to predict on what you will see in a crossbreed. As of now there are over four hundred breeds of dogs and all are maintained as pure-bred stocks through selective breeding, which…