Geneva Conference

backed out in 1945. This led to Ho Chi Minh’s rise in power in North Vietnam. In July 1954, the Geneva Agreements were signed. This required the French to remove their troops from Northern Vietnam. The Agreement also divided Vietnam by the 17th parallel. There was a two-year period to allow elections for President. In that two-year period no foreign troops could enter Vietnam. The Geneva Conference and Agreement was a turning point in the United States…

1990s, scientist had numerous discoveries about endocrine disruption, and that common occurring impurities can inhibit with the natural hormonal signals controlling foetal development. The term endocrine disruptor was created at the wingspread conference center in Wisconsin in 1991. Several articles had a key impact on such a creation. One paper in 1993 by Theo Colborn. Through this paper she stated that the “environmental chemicals distribute the development of the endocrine system, and the…

Ronald Reagan believed he had life figured out when he signed a contract with Warner Brothers in August of 1945. However, in October of the same year, the Warner Brothers studio front gate hosted the Battle of Hollywood: a strike called by the Conference of Studio Unions. The strikers clogged the building’s entrance for weeks, causing the actors to sneak into the studio through the storm drain in order to continue production despite the protests. Reagan chose to enter the front of the…

Three Days in December: Resistance within the Ministerial “Seattle” had entered the annals of history before the tear gas faded from the skies over Capitol Hill. Yet, on the morning of December 1, as the national news programs were showing scenes of mayhem from the previous night, delegates arrived for the ministerial ensconced within a city effectively under martial law. Curfew had been imposed, the main streets were patrolled by phalanxes of National Guardsmen, and activists that marched…

become powerful, so the United States combined with France to take down the Viet Minh. France had a startling defeat in Dien Bien Pho, so they decided to cut their losses. However, the United States interest was just getting started. In 1954, the Geneva Conference was held in hopes that France could somehow find a way to peacefully withdraw from Vietnam. They came up with…

Negotiations between the Germans and British, and subsequently pressure from the French on the Czechs to capitulate, increased as Hitler threatened war over the Sudeten issue. In a last ditch attempt to salvage peace, Chamberlain appealed to Hitler for a conference. The Munich Agreement was signed as a result on September 28th and the Sudetenland was ceded to the…

“Miracle on Ice” On February 22, 1980 history was made. In the midst of the tensions between the United States and the Soviet Union, Team U.S.A managed to beat the U.S.S.R. team in a fierce hockey game during the XIII Winter Olympic Games. Due to the numerous American defeats throughout the entirety of the Cold War, ranging from the conflicts at Vietnam, the U2 incident, and the vast spread of communism, “The Miracle on Ice” boosted American morale towards the fight against the Soviet Union…

During most of the twentieth century, two World Wars, the Cold War, the rivalry of two Super Powers, the ‘ideologization’ of International Affairs and military confrontation have made diplomacy a subsidiary instrument of power politics and ideology. As a result, diplomacy has very often executed the "dance of death." The end of the Cold War has radically changed the international political scene. Moreover, today we are facing the shift of the civilizational paradigm, which affects not only the…

agreements i.e. treaties and the second state practices accepted as law i.e. “Federal regulations, Federal court decisions, testimony and statements before Congressional and international bodies, diplomatic notes, correspondence, speeches, press conference statements, and even internal memoranda” (Janis 50). This was expanded upon by article 38 in the ICJ creating a hierarchy of the sources of international law and defining them in four different ways. These sources have become the standard that…

establish, and then the area was controlled from Paris. In 1950, the French had to recognize Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia as independent self-governing states within the French Union in order to retain the area after the First Indochina War. At the Geneva Conference in 1954, true independence came for the area. The former French Indochina was important because through France’s rule over the area primary schools were created, the University of Hanoi was established, and Vietnam was turned into a…