Genetic testing

In the course of over sixty years great strides have been made in genetic science: the discovery of the double helix in 1953 and the cracking of the genetic code in 1966. Denise Caruso of the Hybrid Vigor Institute in a 2008 essay stated that synthetic biology ‘bioengineers’ use biobricks “an inventory of parts…” can be used to “assemble and programmed to compel organisms to operate in specific ways” or create “custom chemicals that can later be ‘harvested’ from cells and sold” (1). A very…

“Genetic disorder – an inherited medical condition caused by a DNA abnormality.” ( www.google.com) Abnormalities can be small as a single-base mutation in just one gene , or they can involve the addition or subtraction of entire chromosomes. Genetic disorders are quite rare but still do occur at times. Some of the disorders may or may not heritable, passed down from the parents’ genes. Genetics disorders may vary. Non-heritable disorders, not received from parents are caused by mutations and/or…

age, and size of the sample. Despite the wide variety of methods used, there are some similarities among them. In general, they aim to separate DNA present in the nucleus of the cell from other cellular components. Isolation of DNA is needed for genetic analysis, which is used for scientific, medical, or forensic purposes. Scientists use DNA in a number of applications, such as introduction of DNA into cells and animals or plants, or for diagnostic purposes. In medicine the latter application is…

Butter and margarine have always had a competition between which one is better. Multiple researchers from many universities (such as Harvard) and health clinics have ran tests on both of the subjects to determine which one is the healthier choice. Through intense research, a lot of people switch to margarine because of health conditions, personal preference, or simply just the price. Others say that butter is healthier due to the ingredients, source, and how it's prepared. According to the…

Are we humans perfectly fitted to the world we live in today? Evolutionary psychology suggests this may not be the case. An important concept in evolutionary psychology is mismatch (link is external) (1). Evolutionary mismatch occurs when the environment that organisms are adapted to, via a slow process of biological evolution, changes so quickly and intensely that it hinders these organisms to fulfill their reproductive needs. Take an example from nature. Deforestation has changed the habitats…

PCR (Polymerase chain reaction) Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is a laboratory method that is used to form number of copies of a specific region of DNA interested in. The principle of the polymerase chain reaction is based on the natural replication process of DNA and complementary nucleic acid hybridization. The goal of the PCR is to produce required amount of the target DNA region that is be analyzed. PCR amplified DNA is sent for sequencing and visualized by gel electrophoresis. It also can…

species that stay in that environment and use it as their habitat adapt to the changes of the environment to survive the changes and their off springs are also able to survive. This happens because the species staying in that environment change their genetic make-up in order to accommodate themselves and these changes are passed on to the off springs and the off springs are immune to the changes. The species that are unable…

In order to evaluate the efficiency of RAPD-PCR fingerprinting for Cajanus cajan L. cultivar, the DNA templates for 7 RAPD primers banding modality were used. The total number of magnified fragments in the Cajanus cajan L. cultivar value of each primer was represented in Table 2. Total of 18 bands were obtained for all primers. The size of the amplified bands was ranged between 1000 bp and 300 bp. Primers OP-A5, OP-B4, OP-B9, OP-C5 and OP-E15 showed at least three specific fragments. Primer…

Methylation is a key biochemical process that is essential for the proper functioning of almost every system in your body. It occurs billions of times per second; it helps repair your DNA on a daily basis; it controls homocysteine (an unhealthy compound that can damage blood vessels); it allows the recycling of molecules necessary for detoxification; and it helps maintain mood and keep inflammation under control. To maintain the proper functioning of methylation you need an optimal level of…

organelles, it preserves its DNA in the cytoplasm where the replication takes place as well. Their rich cousins, however, the swanky eukaryotes, are far more elegant and ostentatious. Within theirs membrane, they have a variety of organelles, including a genetic “godown,” the nucleus, where the DNA is stored and sequestered (BiologyWise,…