Gene expression

this apportioning of energy for defense processes to necessitate the modification of primary metabolism (Bolton, 2009). Some observation showed that infection of citrus canker bacteria and other pathogen infection decreased the expression of sugar-regulated photosynthetic genes such as Rubisco and ATP synthase and also increase NADH dehydrogenase support the case for a reduction in photosynthetic…

Hereditary diseases are genetic disorders that occur when mutated genes carrying certain mutations are transferred from parents onto an offspring. Genes are the factors that codes for proteins and deficient form of gene cause due to mutation in genes give rise to deficient form of protein. Wolff-Parkinson-White (WPW) syndrome is a hereditary disease. WPW syndrome causes chronic heart disease which is associated with ventricular pre-excitation and a thicker ventricle muscle. Patients with the…

hand/foot malformation type 1 which involves mutations in genes DLX5, DLX6, and DSS1, all located on chromosome 7 (van Silfhout, et al. 2009; and Elliott, Reed, Roscioli,…

do not have a scientific basis, for example the concept of “transfiguration”, the ability of humans to transform into animals. However, from the standpoint of evolutionary biology, Azkaban provides examples of evolution in practice, including gene expression and hybrid species. It also includes characters who put the concepts of evolutionary biology into practice. This shows that even though Azkaban violates the principles of science as a whole, if looked at through a narrower lens, it obeys the…

Viruses are found wherever there is life and have probably existed since living cells evolved, but the origin of viruses is unclear because they do not form fossils. Instead, researchers have resorted to using molecular techniques to compare DNA of viruses to other organisms. Studies at the molecular level have revealed relationships between viruses infecting organisms from each of the three domains of life and viral proteins that pre-date the divergence of life and thus the last universal…

Viral pathogens use liver cells to replicate, then attach to their lipid droplets to to accumulate, assemble and bud off into the rest of the body. Liver produces and secretes LDL, VLDL and HDL which are taken up by every cell in the body that uses cholesterol, including the liver cells that take them up too.2 Viruses hijack these lipoproteins and use them to get into the liver cells, where they replicate, which opens up a gateway to the rest of the body. They replicate within the endoplasmic…

What is your stance on genetically engineering organisms to contain better genes within agriculture? Over the past decades gene engineering has been a huge topic of discussion between the public. Questions have erupted on whether the benefits from GMOs (genetically modified organism) outway the problems and on whether it is morally right to modify creatures for humans satisfaction. With a little education one will find that gene manipulation should be used in agriculture to ensure that farmers…

Literature Review: Green Fluorescent Protein and Histidine Tagged Proteins Histidine and green fluorescent protein (GFP) tagging are important in molecular biology because they allow for purification, tracking, and quantification of target proteins (Ferrari et al., 2004; Cho et al., 2011; Deponte, 2012). Histidine tagging provides a method for isolating and increasing the amount of target protein recovered from a biological organism or mixed sample of proteins (Masek et al., 2011; Singh and…

A particularly concerning effect of GE is its contribution of introducing a new gene in a product that has never been present. The process of creating gmo’s alters the DNA’s natural state, which in turn can cause mutations, deletion of a chromosomal segment, and a change in gene expressions. As a result from GE the introduction of new genes inserted could result in raising the levels of an existing allergen or produce a new and unknown allergen. In addition, it could also transfer the DNA of a…

The potential for the inhibition of anti-apoptotic and RNAi pathways to enhance in vitro baculovirus biopesticide production Summary Baculoviruses are target specific virus infected a number of plant pests especially the lepidopterous pests. Baculovirus biopesticides have been used worldwide for decades. Although many have been done to enhance yields of baculovirus in vitro production, their large-scale production poses certain difficulties that limited the use. Apart from optimization of cell…