Gene duplication

difference in gene composition, variations in gene expression, neofunctionalization and subfunctionalization, and…

the same size and structure. These homologous chromosomes carry the same genes, but a pair of them may have different versions of the genes they carry. One chromosome pair is made up of sex chromosomes, which control the development of sexual characteristics. They are called X and Y characteristics in humans. Cells with a pair of every chromosome are called diploid cells. Sex cells are needed to keep chromosome number duplication from happening. Gametes are sex cells that contain half the usual…

single genotype is capable of expressing more than one phenotype (observable characteristics). This possibility is because genes can go through lots of differentiation processes like mutation, changes in gene expression and frequency. So, mutations play a significant role in variation. For example, DNA can be affected by the fusion of chromosomes, aneuploidy, and deletions, duplications, inversions, insertions, and point mutations. Although not very likely, these types of mutations and other…

People with mutations in this gene are unable to make certain elusive, quick facial movements needed for normal human speech even though they are perfectly capable of actually speaking clearly. This gene was also found in Neanderthal fossils which leads scientist to believe that the evolved form of the FOXP2 gene existed at least half a million years ago. The majority of what separates human communication from other species’…

Some of the benefits to someone who gets genetically tested for the BRACA1/2 gene mutation include, finding out if they have the mutation of not. Which eliminates the questioning and wondering that they’d be doing otherwise. For those whose genetic test showed up negative for BRAC1/2 mutation may include relief and happiness. They…

6F4Z1003- Genetics, Adaptation and Diversity Practical Report Section 1- Calculations and Pedigrees 1. In DNA extraction the proteins absorb light at 260nm and 280nm, especially the aromatic acids. 2. 250µg to nm, 250 x 1000 = 250,000ng. 3. 200ng/ml = 0.2µg/ml. 150µg/ml = 150,000µg/ml 250,000pg/µl = 250µg/ml 1mg/ml = 1000µg/ml ● 150,00µg/ml - HIGHEST CONCENTRATION OF DNA ● 1000µg/ml ● 250µg/ml ● 0.2µg/ml - LOWEST CONCENTRATION OF DNA 4. Sodium dodecyl sulphate is used as a…

Transposition shows little sequence selectivity unlike the homologous recombination for insertion but require specific enzymes to move the different locations within genome. Also, transposition (class I) is widely resulting in duplication of original DNA sequences. There are considerable diversity among transposition elements and mainly classified into two groups according to their movement mechanisms. Class I is retro-transposons which use a RNA intermediate in transposition mechanism…

determines the role of the protein. Domains found in proteins can develop independently which in turn can change the role of the protein. Domains are able to develop independently through certain mechanisms. Some of these mechanisms include gene recombination and the duplication of a domain coding sequence. The way in which a domain evolves and is able to rearrange itself can lead to miss folding at times and may be found responsible for human disease. Therefore, studying protein domains and…

hand/foot malformation type 1 which involves mutations in genes DLX5, DLX6, and DSS1, all located on chromosome 7 (van Silfhout, et al. 2009; and Elliott, Reed, Roscioli,…

The perusal and review of twin, adoption, and family studies allows us to understand how the combination of biology and environment shapes us all. Some aspects of personality are linked to genes and have a biological basis, but it has allows been hard to separate biological basis of behavior from an environmental basis of behavior. Twin studies are a vastly important tool in dissecting the nature versus nurture argument. Pros of twin studies are that identical twins otherwise known as…