Functional groups

An activated aromatic ring was needed, and this was where resorcinol came into play; due to its having two hydroxyl groups, it qualified. This solution was placed in an ice water bath; this was necessary as it lessened the amount of side reactions that had a chance of occurring. While the stir bar was stirring to ensure homogenous solution, the salt solution was poured…

MYCOCEPT (Mycophenolate mofetil) is the 2-morholinoethyl ester of mycophenolic acid (MPA). CHEMICAL NAME: 2-morpholin-4-ylethyl (E)-6- (4-hydroxy-6-methoxy-7-methyl-3-oxo-1H-2-benzofuran-5-yl)-4-methylhex-4 enoate. STRUCTURAL FORMULA: Fig: Mycophenolate mofetil MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 433.50g/mol APPEARANCE: Mycophenolate mofetil, is a white to off-white crystalline powder. SOLUBILITY: It is slightly…

New ultraviolet (UV) curable prepolymer, 2–hydroxy–3–[p–(1–{2–hydroxy–3–(isopro– phenylcarbonyloxypropoxy) phenyl} methylcyclohexyl) phenoxy] propyl acrylate (BISCHDA) was synthesized by the reaction of p–[1–(p–hydroxyphenyl) methylcyclohexyl] phenol with methylcyclohexanone, epoxidation with epichlorohydrin followed by addition reaction with acrylic acid. All synthesized compounds were characterized by 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR and FT-IR spectroscopy. Several UV-curable formulated solutions were prepared…

CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1. Introduction Caprolactam (CPL) is an organic compound with the formula (CH2)5C(O)NH. This colourless solid is a lactam or a cyclic amide of caproic acid. Caprolactam was first described in the late 1800s by Gabriel and Mass, when it was prepared by the cyclization of ε-aminocaproic acid, the product of the hydrolysis of caprolactam. In the months after Schlack’s discovery the first stocking were produced from Perlon. All the Perlon produced went to the war effort.…

CONCLUSION Within this conclusion, the three aforementioned inquiries posed within the portion titled “Bonding in Alcohols in Relation to Boiling Point” will be answered thoroughly within an analytic context. 1) “On average, by how many degrees celsius does the boiling point increase when the addition of an extra carbon atom in a straight-chain homologous series of saturated alcohols occurs?” On average, as per calculations conducted, the boiling point increases by a magnitude of…

why is it formed? Hypothesis: There were two possible stereochemical outcomes for this experiment, either cis, (E,Z), or trans, (E,E). The cis product, (E,Z), would form if the double bond and phenyl group added to the same side. The trans product, E,E), would form if the double bond and phenyl group were to add to the opposite sides. The product of desire for the Wittig reaction is the trans, (E,E), isomer. Since the trans isomer of cinnamaldehyde was used in the experiment, the addition of…

Introduction: Nitrous acid (HNO2) is used as a source of nitrosonium ion (N≡O+). The nitrosonium ion by reacting with an aromatic amine converted into a diazonium salt. As diazonium ion is a weak electrophile, it reacts with electron-rich, aromatic coupling agents to produce an azo dye. The products are mainly ortho and para due to the reaction being an electrophilic aromatic substitution Reaction: p-nitroaniline p-nitro benzenediazonium chloride Para-red…

degrees Celsius and warming mixture to room temp. All theses changes in protocol allowed for successful yields which were reproducible. The chemists also required for the aromatic ring to have electron-donating groups at the para and meta locations. The positioning of the electron-donating groups would allow for a adequately reactive aromatic ring, so when steric hindrance…

Fig. 2 show the protons nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) of HBA and HBA-BMF. In Fig. 2a,terminal methyl group present in fatty acid chain show the peak at around δ = 0.9 ppm.31 The proton of −CH2− groups of the fatty acid backbone and terminal methyl group attached proton show the peak between δ =1.20−1.59 ppm.30 The peak at δ = 5.4 ppm is attributed to the protons attached to the olefinic carbon atom (−CH=CH−) of fatty acid,28 this peak provides the evidence of the presence of fatty acid…

Aromatic rings are very unique and therefore can follow very specific reactions in order to add select substituents to its ring. One of those types of reactions is referred to as Friedel-Crafts a reaction, to main sub-categories is Friedel-Crafts Alkylation and Friedel-Crafts Acylation. Both of these types of reactions involve electrophilic aromatic substitution and are work with deactivated rings (Friedel-Crafts Alkylation, 2010). In Friedel-Crafts Alkylation there is usually a secondary or…