Fuels

4.19 Optimization of ship fuel consumption The OPEX of a ship are mainly dependent upon the following factors. - Fuel consumption (FC) of ship’s main engine (ME) - Fuel consumption of auxiliary engines (AE) - The scheduled maintenance expenses - The owner’s everyday expenses While some regard that cost of loading and offloading of natural gas as the operating expenditures of ship. As mentioned by Stopford, M., 2009, Vessel’s fuel bills consume almost 76% of sailing costs, and some other…

Bunker Fuel Investigation The effect of bunker fuels on the Port Adelaide area. Introduction Bunker fuel is a form of crude oil which is left over from the refining process of petroleum. Bunker fuel is typically a very thick sludge because of the large amount of impurities such as sulfur and nitrogen. These impurities make bunker fuel extremely cheap for ship operators, but has a much more negative effect on the environment, as when the fuel is burnt the impurities are released into the…

Unsustainable fossil fuels have been in controversy in the more recent years. The world’s population is constantly growing and changing with that the need for more energy grows as well. Right now, the main way to fulfill the need of these growing populations come from the use of fossil fuel. One major problem. Fossil fuel is unsustainable, and the need is overcoming the what the earth can create and produce. It is a matter of time when there is going to be a scarcity of fossil fuel. This is also…

Air fuel ratio Air fuel ratio is the ratio of the air and fuel present, while in the combustion process in the internal combustion engine In petrol combustion engine the air fuel ratio would be 14:1 means 14% will be of air and 1% will be of fuel and this type of air fuel mixture is known as stoichiometric air fuel ratio If the air which is delivered in the cylinder block (chamber) completely burn the fuel then it is known as stoichiometric air fuel ratio In this 14% will be of air and 1% will…

Mixing ethanol with fuel has drawn a lot of attentions in community. Although some experts has confirmed that there is almost no harm to use ethanol as our fuel in our engines or cars, some people who has experienced with it in real deny that statement. We don't know which is true or false, but this issue should be put into our consideration. From the article, it seems that the small engines are worn out and easy to get damage when these are used with ethanol. Benjamin Mallisham who own a…

Within the last decade, Fuel Cells have become more advanced and available to buy. The Fuel Cell was originally thought up in 1839, by a man named Sir William Grove, but a working model wasn 't made until 1959. After being used in one of NASA’s space programmes, the research and development on Fuel Cells died down and was put back in storage. In the 1900’s scientists decided to look at new ways to make these products available for commercialization. This has been successful as they are now used…

Introduction Fossil fuels play a very important role in administering the economy efficiently and enforcing newer developments effectively. Oil & gas, Coal and other mineral resources supports us with most of our energy mix and touch our lives in multiple dimensions. They cater to everything - from domestic uses to manufacturing industries, and from transportation fuel to synthesis of organic and chemical products. India is a country with more than 1.2 billion people accounting for more than 17…

America runs on fossil fuels. From lawn equipment, to transportation, to house hold items that most would not associate with fossil fuels, the demand for these forms of energy are increasing. The United States alone produces tens of millions of barrels annually. In 2015, U.S. oil production was at an all-time high of 9.4 million barrels daily (Sorry, OPEC: U.S. oil production at 43-year high, 2016). While the numbers look staggering, this is not enough to keep up with demand. The U.S. services…

are the fossil fuels which are currently the world’s primary-energy source. Fossil fuels are made millions of years ago from organic materials such as plants and animals. Fossil fuels are finite resources and can cause irreparable damage to the environment. Fossil fuels are considered to be responsible for global warming. There are many activist and campaigns launched calling for divestment from fossil fuels, especially from large companies and universities. Divesting from fossil fuels is a…

Fossil fuels are the U.S.’s primary source of energy, but as a result, carbon dioxide levels and pollution levels have drastically increased, endangering our lives. 85% of America’s energy is used by fossil fuels, and many of these fuels are pollutants. Carbon monoxide is one of the more popular pollutants given off by these fossil fuels. It is deadly to our body when levels are high. The burning of fossil fuels are too harmful to the environment and ourselves, therefore the use of a more…