Fourth grade

Jonathan Phillips has written an outstanding book that encompasses 200 hundred years of holy wars between medieval Christendom and Islam. Included within Phillips 434 paged book are black and white illustrations, notes, primary and secondary bibliographies, and an index. The reader will find an eloquently written book. The author begins his story with Pope Urban II speech at the council at Clermont in 1095. Author states, Urban II called for the recovery of Jerusalem from Islam and the need to…

Europe as an entity within medieval times was strictly Christian and to understand this, it begins with the church. The church was the only voice between the bible and the people, this gave the church most of the power of how the common person perceived the bible and religion, this gave the church high authority over many day to day dealings. Christianity for 100 years had been a belief system unrivalled by other any other belief or mythologies. Islam was a threat to the Christian ideal, this is…

The Turkish Letters by Ogier Ghiselin de Bushecq who was Flemish born and was appointed by the Emperor of the Holy Roman Empire as ambassador to the Turkish Sultan's court in Constantinople in the 16th Century were written between the years 1555-1562. The letters give not only an insight into the Ottoman Empire’s superior military training in Busbecq’s eyes but also act as a lament of the Christian soldier’s lack of military disciple and the Christian forces use of heredity as advancement.…

conforms to what the parlor says. She spends her days in front of the parlor walls, even wanting a fourth wall, which would cost two thousand dollars. When Montag tells Mildred, that he is not going to get the fourth wall, she claims that Montag is selfish. Montag then explained that they haven't had the third parlor wall for more than two months, but she believes that they have the money to get the fourth wall. Mildred claims that they can go without some things, but Montag clarifies that they…

“Deus Veult!"- God wills it! cried Pope Urban II’s audience in 1095 at The Council of Clermont. This Papal sanction supposedly initiated the beginning of the First Crusade; a holy war designed to recapture Jerusalem in August 1096. Byzantine Emperor of Constantinople; Alexios I Komnenos appealed to Urban to request aid to resist the Seljuk Turks who occupied Antolia and the majority of Asian Minor. Pope Urban’s unusually secular desire for a legacy may have been a partial motivation for his…

Before the time of the Crusades the Christians that lived had no arguments with the Muslims. Before the year 1200, 9 out of 10 people living in Europe were peasant farmers who had barely anything to live on (Biel). This meant that many of the people living in Crusading time were poor and had nothing. They didn’t have anything, but these men still went on the crusades. The royal people had all the wealth. However the noblemen and noble classes did not build their castles for luxury but more for…

In 1095, Pope Urban II called for a crusade to fight for the Holy Land of Jerusalem. Before the Crusades began, Alexius I Komnenos, Emperor of the Byzantine Empire, asked Pope Urban II for help to fight against the Seljuq Turks. The Seljuq Turks had previously taken all of Asia Minor from him. At the council of Clermont, Pope Urban II confronted a decently sized crowd and promoted the idea of everyone going over to recover Palestine by assisting the Greeks defeat the Muslims. The response was…

The Crusades By: Kelli Floyd The Crusades had a massive impact on the development of Western civilization. The interaction between Christian Europe and the Muslims had many benefits to Europe. On the flipside, its interaction with Christianity had very negative impact on Islamic culture. An argument can be made to say that the Crusades may have caused Islam to enter into a downward spiral from which it still has not been able to recover. How Islam Benefited Europe Although the Crusades turned…

Group Observation and Reaction Paper: Kids Incorporated In-Service Meeting In this essay I will give my reactions to a group meeting that I attended using the Group Work Theory. I will focus on the small sub group that was formed that I observed. For that I will review the strengths of the leader of the meeting, skills that were used in the group setting, and what stage I felt the group was in. I will also cover cultural and ethical issues that occurred in the meeting. Finally, I will review the…

duels the Muslim army received reinforcements allowing Saad to order an unsuccessful attack against the Persian defenders. On the third day, Rostam ordered a Persian attack which was repulsed leading to heavy causalities on both sides. Similarly the fourth day culminated in an unsuccessful Muslim attack upon the Persian position in an attempt to conclude the conflict. While the final day of the battle took place largely in the midst of a large sandstorm during which Rostam was killed and the…