Fourier transform

CHAPTER 4 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 4.1 Incomplete Carbon Glucose Preparation for sulfonated solid acid catalyst must undergo a process which is called carbonization or pyrolysis. Glucose is natural organic compounds had been used as starting raw material because it is cheap and less toxic. Carbonization is an important step before the sulfonation process because it will form amorphous carbon composed of small carbon sheets [B] and produced sites for sulfonic group to be attached or…

Below I am discussing, at length why I believe I should receive the Research Plus Award, addressing each point of the Researcher Excellence Framework, giving evidence how the past two and a half years have contributed to my personal and my career development. 1. Knowledge and Intellectual abilities a. Knowledge base Throughout my PhD I have been able to attend a number of courses organised by the QUB postgraduate centre, which allowed me to further my knowledge and gain valuable skills within my…

The aim of the present investigation is to intend, develop and evaluate a pulsatile drug delivery containing a core-in-cup based system of dry coated tablet of ketoprofen based on chronomodulated approach for management of Rheumatoid Arthritis. This pulsatile system contained a core tablet surrounded by an impermeable outer shell and top cover layer. Core tablet contained the active ingredient acting as reservoir, ethylcellulose was used to form an impermeable outer shell, the top cover layer…

PRE FORMULATION STUDY: Pre formulation testing was an investigation of physical and chemical properties of a drug substance alone and when combined with excipients. It was the first step in the rational development of dosage forms. Class: -Pre formulation study can divide into two subclasses: API characterization, Compatibility study Active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) characterization:- Organoleptic evaluation:-These are preliminary characteristics of any substance which is useful in…

The Renaissance was a time of great cultural rebirth and achievement. Although it began in Italy, the Renaissance spread and affected most of the world and continues to influence us today. Many legacies and famous figures were birthed during this period, some of which we continue to be influenced by and taught about today. One of such figures is Michelangelo. Michelangelo was a sculptor, painter, and architect who was born in 1475 in Italy. Michelangelo was first apprenticed by Domenico…

the malic- and lactic acid concentrations on a regular basis (at the start of MLF and every seven days thereafter) until its completion (taken as the point when the malic acid concentration is equal to or lower than 0.3 gIL). This was done by Fourier-transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR) (WineScan FT120, FOSS Analytical, Denmark) as well as determination of the malic acid concentration with an enzymatic assay (Roche, Boehringer Mannheim,…

The crystal size is also affected by the rate of cooling and larger crystals were shown to be formed when fat was cooled at a slower cooling rate83. However the samples were not subjected to changes in the rate of cooling in this study. At higher temperatures (or lower supercooling conditions) due to decrease in the driving force, less crystals are formed although the crystals are larger in size as compared to those formed at lower temperatures83. At lower temperatures, due to the higher driving…

1. Introduction Polycrystalline materials dominate industrial and technological applications due to their ubiquitous existence, low-cost and ease of manufacturing. During the sheet metal operations, e.g. bending, stamping, drawing and stretching, among the various possible modes of failure, such as wrinkling, scoring, the tearing of a polycrystalline sheet metal is the most common, resulting from an uneven or exorbitant amount of plastic deformation forming a localized neck and therefore…

Sensaa Series Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (computerized AAS) with air-acetylene flame under the optimum instrumental conditions as shown in (Table 1). The solution pH was measured using digital pH meter (Hanna instrument model HI 8519, Italy). Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectra were measured on Nicolet is 10 FTIR spectrometer in the range of (4000 to 400 cm-1). Scanning electron microscope (SEM, Quanta 250 FEG, FEI Company, USA) at an accelerating voltage of 30 kV was used for…

its molecular selectivity and sensitivity.6 A common types mass spectrometry technique is Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization imaging mass spectrometry (MALDI IMS).7 This method may incorporate either TOF (time of flight) or FT-ICR (fourier-transform ion cyclotron resonance) technologies depending on molecular compound weight. MALDI-TOF is typically used to analyze small proteins and peptides, whereas MALDI FT-ICR is characterized by high resolution and is often used for lower…