Foreign exchange market

As exchange rates change over time, companies are required to recognize both gains and losses on certain transactions or obligations. To estimate the impact of exchange rates on the net income of a company the foreign exchange ratio is used. Foreign currency ratio is the relationship of foreign currency gain or loss and net income (Foreign currency gain/loss/ net income). Since, Coach’s international subsidiaries primarily use local currencies as the functional currency and translate their…

companies listed on the Johannesburg Stock Exchange have been required to comply with the requirements of International Financial Reporting Standards since 1 January…

Moreover, the firm can mitigate the short-term foreign currency risks through a variety of hedging instruments, such as, forward contracts, options currency and cross-hedging. Forward exchange contract is the most direct technique of eliminating transaction exposure through hedging. Tyson Foods can do this by selling Euros equivalent of its receivables to the bank for a specified period of time, which can be converted over the period at a forward rate. Therefore, Tyson Foods would be assured of…

macroeconomic releases on exchange rates Economic releases have an important role in the foreign exchange markets. Indeed, macro announcements produce effects on both returns and volatility. Neely and Dey (2010) show that researchers have long studied the reaction of foreign exchange returns to macroeconomic announcements and by doing so, they are now able to infer how markets react to news and how order flow helps impound public and private information into prices. Also, markets tend to have…

Exchange rates are important in our world today, since every nation doesn’t have the same type of money and the value is different among the different currencies. Exchange rate for two countries that are trading with each other when it comes to selling products internationally currencies is an important factor. The level of a countries economic health, inflation and interest rates are the most important determinants of exchange rates. It also plays a vital role in the level of trade of a country…

business needs to handle is the foreign exchange risk. Foreign exchange risk is the risk that companies face a potential gain or loss due to the fluctuation of an exchange rate change. Companies could be subject to a significant financial loss even with a small change in the exchange rate. Thus, the primary purpose of managing foreign exchange risk is to mitigate potential currency losses. There are at least three strategies companies can manage their foreign exchange risk. They are forward…

Tariffs have not only the purpose of protecting economies but also domestic employment, retaliation, consumers, and national security. Without tariffs the domestic market competition will force producers to reduce cost by firing employees, and transferring their production to countries with cheaper labor. However, tariffs also have its negative effect on international trade. The impose of tariffs make the cost of imports…

Encouragement of Flows of Funds to Financial Market In order to encourage flows of fund to the money and bond market, Bank of Korea enlarged the scope of eligible collateral and eligible financial institution counterparties for its open market operations. In November and December of 2008, the bank included bank debentures and certain government agency bonds for use in open market operations, which were originally only Treasury bonds, government-guaranteed bonds and Monetary Stabilization Bonds…

financial risk associated with exchange rates and how companies mitigate this risk through currency hedging. Foreign Exchange Risks Foreign exchange risk is “the risk that a business’s financial performance or position will be affected by fluctuations in the exchange rates between currencies”, and because foreign exchange rates fluctuations do not always act favorably, these fluctuations can have a negative…

There are many benefits to digital currency or cryptocurrency. The one major benefit is that there are little to no transaction fees because there is no middle man to dictate the fees.2 This is a major cost especially for banks who conduct foreign currency exchanges. Ripple for example, has saved major banks about 60% in transactions fees.9 For consumers, digital currency does not require a release of their personal information in order to complete the transaction.6 This gives digital currency…