Folic acid

It is well known that all organisms require at least some water to survive, even the most hardy creature on the planet earth, the tardigrade, Hypsibius dujardini, which can survive near complete dehydration, exposure to extreme radiation, vacuum, temperature and pressure, must be rejuvenated with water if it is to resume life after near complete desiccation (Gabriel, et al. 2007). H. dujardini, famous for surviving some of the harshest conditions of any organism we know of, is a perfect example…

either acid or base. Note: This activity may take more than one lessons. On the first lesson, students group, discuss and prepare their experiment. On the second lesson, students will have opportunities to carry out the investigation, then record, process, and evaluate their data. Preparing materials In the original experiment, hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide solutions have been used as acidic and basic solution, respectively. However, year 9 students might know that hydrochloric acid…

Determining the Chemical Formula of Hydrated Copper (Ⅱ) Sulfate Using the Empirical Formula Introduction In this experiment, the molecular formula of hydrated Copper (Ⅱ) Sulfate will be determined. In order to determine the molecular formula, the empirical formula is needed which is the ratio of moles of one substance to another. In this experiment, it is the ratio of Copper (Ⅱ) Sulfate to water. CuSO₄・XH₂O The empirical formula can be determined if the moles of the compared substances…

ACID-BASE PROPERTIES OF SODIUM CHLORIDE, SODIUM FORMATE AND AMMONIUM CHLORIDE INTRODUCTION The objective of this experiment is to examine the definitive characteristics of acids and bases by investigating the characteristics of strong versus weak acids; more specifically, why these differences are important in the process of titrations. In this experiment, there are two titrations performed and measured the pH of one salt solution. This experiment includes a strong acid and strong base…

quantity taken for amino acid analysis. Diluted hydrochloric acid was used for Free amino extraction. Nitrogenous macromolecules that were co-extracted were precipitated using sulfosalicylic acid and removed by filtration. A mixture of performic acid and phenol was used for Oxidation at 0°C. Hydrolysates of the sample were then adjusted to pH 2.2 using 7.5M sodium hydroxide sol. Amino acid analyzer based on ion exchange chromatography was used to separate amino acids. Amino acids were…

ANALYTICAL METHODS Determination of λ max Gemifloxacin mesylate λ max is determined by preparing one standard concentration of 10μg/ml and scanning should be done. Preparation of 0.1N HCL 8 ml of hydrochloric acid is taken in 1000ml volumetric flask and dissolved with distilled water and then make up to 1000ml with distilled water. Standard graph of Gemifloxacin mesylate: The λmax of Gemifloxacin mesylate in 0.1N HCL was scanned in UV-Visible Spectrophotometer and found to have maximum…

g) Solubility: soluble in methanol, slightly soluble in water (13.4 mg/ml) and very slightly soluble in dichloromethane h) Route of administration: Oral i) Excretion: kidney j) Therapeutic category: Antiretroviral drug k) Metabolism: The cytochrome P450 enzyme system is not involved with the metabolism of Tenofovir disoproxil or Tenofovir. l) pKa value: 3.75 m) Trade Name: Viread 2.2.5 Drug profile of Efavirenz: Efavirenz is an antiretroviral drug and it belongs to the class of…

A important tests were performed on the product to pressure the results: melting point value, percent yield, IR, and TLC. The experimental melting point value was found to be a range of 165-167 ºC being a little lower than the literature value for camphor, the intended product, was 175 ºC. The sharp range was resulted in a slightly pure product. The percent yield was lower than expected which can be the reason most of the product was lost during the extraction and almost completely sublimated…

Conclusion The empirical formula of the copper chloride hydrate compound is CuCl2 · 2H2O. Discussion of Theory The technique of gravimetric analysis can be used to find the empirical formula of a compound when the amount of it is known. By dehydrating the copper chloride hydrate sample and using it for an elemental copper-producing chemical reaction, one can isolate the masses of the water, copper, and chloride and determine their mole ratios. Since the Law of Definite Proportions states that a…

concentrations 0.1M, 0.2M, 0.3M, 0.4M). // Hydrochloric acid (2M). // 100cm3 conical flask. // 10cm3 measuring cylinder. // Dropping pipette. // Small piece of plain paper with a large X drawn with think black pen. // Stopwatch. // Goggles. Variables: Independent - The concentration of sodium thiosulfate solution (0.1M, 0.2M, 0.3M, 0.4M). Dependent - The time taken for the cross to not be seen. Control - // Concentration and volume hydrochloric acid/ volume of sodium thiosulfate solution - to…