Fluoride

For numerous years, soda was a highly popular beverage being sold in the United States, but recently bottled water has seemed to have taken over the top spot. A strategic consulting and market research firm, shows that the American consumption of water has increased by more than 68 million 8oz servings in less than a year (water, 2015). Bottled water has always been viewed as healthier than tap water. The question stands though; is bottled water somewhat healthier than tap water? Is buying…

Statistics Assignment Which toothpaste should I buy? Poorna Agarwal- 2015IPM074 Wikipedia describes toothpaste as “...A paste or gel dentifrice used with a toothbrush as an accessory to clean and maintain the aesthetics and health of teeth. Toothpaste is used to promote oral hygiene: it serves as an abrasive that aids in removing the dental plaque and food from the teeth....” In ancient India oral health consisted only of some homemade powders and herbal medicines given by the local medicine…

concentration. The determination of precipitates also come from solubility rules. According to Cooper, almost all sodium, potassium, and ammonium salts are soluble which mean that they will not form a precipitate.1 All chlorides, bromides, iodides, and fluorides, nitrates, chlorates, perchlorates, and acetates, and sulfates are also soluble. The only exceptions are as follows: Ag+, Hg2+, Pb2+, Mg2+, Ca2+, Sr2+, Ba2+, Pb2+. For week three, the goal was to determine the mass of the precipitate of…

Osteogenesis Imperfecta (OI) is a genetic disorder that affects the formation of bones. The term Osteogenesis Imperfecta literally means imperfect bone formation. People with OI have bones that break easily, usually caused by a mild trauma or no cause at all. Multiple fractures are common with this disease since bones are weak. Although, in severe cases fracture of bones can occur before birth. This disease is caused by defective connective tissue and the lack of Type One Collagen. There are…

Further Reading for Facilitators The 3 Food Groups There are several ways of understanding food and nutrients. It is difficult for children to understand about nutrients which they cannot touch or see. Instead, it is better to talk to them in the language of foods that they see and eat. The 3 food group concept used here is simple and easy for children to understand. Energy giving foods are carbohydrates and fats. Using whole grain cereals (flour without sieving) instead of using refined flour…

General Solubility Guidelines of Ionic Compounds in Water SOLUBLE COMPOUNDS EXCEPTIONS Almost all sodium (Na+ ), potassium (K+), and ammonium (NH4+ ) salts All chlorides (Cl- ), bromides (Br- ), iodides (I-) Ag+ , Hg2+ , Pb2+ All fluorides (F- ) Mg2+ , Ca2+ , Sr2+ , Ba2+ ,Pb2+ All nitrates (NO3- ), chlorates (ClO3- ), perchlorates (ClO4-), and acetates (CH3COO- ) Acetates of Ag+ and Hg2+ are only moderately soluble All sulfates (SO42- ) Sr2+ , Ba2+ , Pb2+ (Ca2+ and Ag+ moderately…

Chapter: Soil, Water and Air Pollution 1. Introduction: Definitions of soil, water and air pollution; sources and types of soil, water and air pollution, soil and water pollution status in India With rapid increase and development in industrial and agricultural sectors along with population explosion, huge amount of organic and inorganic waste is released in environment and causing serious threats to environment and agro-ecosystem. This procedure can bring about a danger in the human wellbeing.…

1. Materials and suppliers • Caffeine (anhydrous), BASF, Germany, was generously donated by Dar Al Dawa Development and Investment Company. Caffeine is 1,3,7-trimethyl-3,7-dihydro-1H-purine-2,6-dione. It is white or almost white, crystalline powder or silky crystals. It is sparingly soluble in water, freely soluble in boiling water and slightly soluble in ethanol. It is used as central nervous system stimulant (British Pharmacopoeia 2009). • Methyl paraben was generously donated by Arab…

Spectrophotometry is a method in which organic and inorganic substances are identified or characterized by the use of electromagnetic radiation. Electromagnetic radiation not only includes light (or photons), but thermal energy as well. While the electromagnetic spectrum consists of wavelengths between gamma radiation and the Far IR, most spectrophotometric methods rely on the UV and visible region. In order to use spectrophotometric methods, the sample being analyzed must be able to absorb the…

In recent years, modern Li-ion batteries (LIBs) have become ubiquitous power source for a variety of applications such as laptops, mobile phone, and digital camera to electric vehicles, owing to their high power density, high energy density, and long cycle life.1–3 However, there are still many critical challenge to increasing the energy, power density, and improved cycling stability.4–6 In particular, selecting noble electrode materials is the hottest topics in the LIB field. Among them, bulk…