Fluoride

2.1 Introduction In this career episode, I shall describe major project performed during course of my employment in Pakistan Council of Research in Water Resource “RCRWR” which functions under Ministry of Science and Technology, Federal Government of Pakistan. I was appointed as Assistant Director and I am going to describe the project KHUSHAL PAKISTAN PROGRAMME (Devolution Support Program) for the provision of safe drinking water. This career episode took place from March till October 2007…

years. Families like these will have to worry each day, on the long term health effects it will have. In order to treat tap water until it pure enough to drink, it is treated with chemicals like chlorine, copper, sulfate, potassium permanganate, fluoride, and hydrofluoric acid. These chemicals are used to kill pathogens and bacteria. What is for certain is that chlorine does not kill algae. According to the American Public Heath, when chlorine and LG are combined, methane gases are released.…

recommended to use soft bristled and apply moderate force when you are brushing. Brushing should last a little bit longer than normal, but still about near the 2-3 minute mark, or about the average length of a song. It is also recommended to use a fluoride toothpaste in order to help fight tooth decay a little bit better than the average toothpaste. You also need to replace your toothbrush every 3 months or every time the bristles gets stiff or worn down. You can also get an Interdental…

Oral hygiene has only recently taken true strides to better itself. Inflammation of the gums used to be a common occurrence throughout time. This was mostly due to a bacterial infection in the sulcus of the gum. An infection like this in medical terms is referred to as gingivitis, with the more serious condition being called periodontal disease. Essentially, this is caused by bad dental hygiene and is characterized as red swollen gums that bleed easily. High amounts of dental plaque is also very…

TARGET MARKET Aquafresh toothpaste is a product that caters to all age groups although safety precautions should be taken by children younger than the age of six years. Children under the age of six years old should take a pea sized amount of toothpaste when brushing their teeth. DEMOGRAPHICS, PSUYCHOGRAPHICS AND SOCIOGRAPHICS The demographics have shown that all genders, ages and races use the Aquafresh product but in the gender category females buy the product more than males. People…

T. Heinze et. al. reported the synthesis of new 6-deoxy-6-pheylethylamino cellulose derivatives with DSamino 0.4-0.6 by nucleophilic displacement of cellulose tosylates (DSTos 0.74 and 1.29) with a racemic mixture of 1-phenylethylamine under homogeneous conditions, in DMF/H2O82, scheme 30. The optical properties of these deoxyamino cellulose derivatives was studied. A regioselective synthesis of 6-amino-6-deoxycellulose, 6-N-sulfonated, and 6-N-carboxymethylated deoxycellulose were…

Vertical dimension (VD) defined in the Glossary of Prosthodontic Terms as "The distance between two selected anatomic or marked points”. Occlusal vertical dimension (OVD) defined as "The distance between two selected anatomic points when in maximal inter-cuspal position”.(1) The OVD is determined by the repetitive contracted length of the elevator muscles which sets the jaw-to-jaw relationship.(2) During growth and development OVD affected by three factors: Growth of the ramus, gonial angle of…

However, Dakar managed to accomplish this task without hesitation, seeing that he provided valuable information on polyvinyl chloride and fluoride in our water system. But the only issue that I noticed with Dakar was time restriction, seeing that these type of topics usually take about thirty minutes to talk about. On other hand, Dakar still managed to provide an effective demonstration with…

that is received by the patient. However the 110 minute half-life is supplementary for the storage of the isotope and will allow for it to sustain its radioactivity during the time-consuming process of a PET Scan. The radioactive tracer consists of fluoride-18 chemically bonded with glucose, which is the carrier molecule and is used because glucose is normally found in the…

Although are many kinds of lupus, they all fall under one category, an autoimmune disease. Autoimmune diseases occur when the body actually becomes allergic to itself. This happens when the antibodies used to protect the body from infectious agents attack the healthy cells and tissues instead (The Lupus Book). The types of lupus include discoid lupus, subacute cutaneous lupus, drug-induced lupus, neonatal lupus, and systemic lupus erythematosus, the most common type. Lupus damages many parts of…