Fluorescence

Chemicals: Folin-Ciocalteu reagent, sodium carbonate, gallic acid, trifluoroacetic and sulphuric acids, Trolox (6-hydroxy -2, 5, 7, 8- tetramethyl chromane-2-carboxylic acid), ABTS (2, 2'-azinobis (2-methylpropionamidine) dihydrochloride), 2′, 7′-Dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate (H2DCFDA), dexamethasone (DEX), and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) were purchased from Sigma Inc. (St. Louis, MO). Catechin, epicatechin, procyanidin B1 and B2 were purchased from Chromadex (Irvine, CA). Dulbecco’s…

The ringed seal is a key sentinel species for mercury (Hg) contamination in Arctic marine ecosystems. The total mercury concentrations in Arctic ringed seals’ muscle were determined using a cold vapor atomic fluorescence spectroscopy (CVAFS) instrument. The total mercury concentrations in high ice cover years (2003, 2004 and 2005) were significantly higher than the low ice cover years (2011 and 2012). This suggests that the change in ice-cover significantly changes the total mercury…

that the optimal solvent for Schiff base ligand L, Co(II), Ni(II) and Cu(II) complexes were CH3CN at λemi =320, 310, 316 and 330 nm, while the optimal solvent for Mn(II) complex was DMF λemi = 312 nm, as shown in Figure 7. The effect pH on the fluorescence intensity of Schiff base ligand L and its metal(II) complexes were investigated between the pH range of 2.010.0. The influence of pH on Schiff base ligand L, Mn(II), Co(II), Ni(II) and Cu(II) complex were investigated in both acidic and…

Kishan Patel Section: 008 Pattern: Calcium levels in the soil controls soil pH and species richness within a community Hypothesis 1: Calcium levels in the soil controls soil pH. Prediction: An increase in the calcium levels in the soil will make the soil less acidic. Reasoning: Calcium exists mainly in the soil as exchangeable cations (ca^2+) associated with basic anions, which reacts with soil acidity (H) to neutralize it. Analytical approach: Regression Independent variable: Calcium levels…

The Sun and Our Star - Have you ever questioned as to how and why we are able to dry our clothes in the summer, and to be able to heat food and treat our water? - This all thanks to the sun - Without the sun, we all would be dead, it gives us light, heat and energy to heat up the Earth - Most of the energy stays inside of the sun because of its gravitational pull, and all small amounts leave the surface in the form of radiant energy Type of star: Age: Yellow dwarf 4.5 Billion Years…

Gene Therapy: The concept of gene therapy emerged in the 1970s. The basic premise of gene therapy is using DNA enclosed in a vector as a therapeutic treatment for diseases. In the decades after it was conceptualized, many clinical trials of gene therapy were developed but stalled in phase I or phase II. During the 90s, only 1% of gene therapy trials made it to phase III and none of them went past phase III. The excitement for gene therapy was reduced when a participant of a clinical trial died…

Alkylated polycyclic aromatic compounds (alkyl-PACs) are the major aromatic constituent of total PAH in crude oil and originated from incomplete combustion process. Whereas benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) is a well-known human carcinogen, dibenzothiophene (DBT) and retene (Ret) are not; however, all three compounds are important environmental pollutants. Their toxicity is not yet characterized. In this study, we used BaP (parent PAH), DBT and Ret (alkyl-PACs) to elucidate the mechanism of neurotoxicity…

SURGEONS MAKE CANCER CELLS GLOW BRIGHT GREEN TO REDUCE RECURRENCE The key to a successful cancer surgery is to remove every bit of the tumor. When surgeons are performing surgeries on their patients, it is important for them to get every cancer cell and tumor out; they have created this liquid which glows bright green on the areas in the body that have cancer so it is easier to remove and avoid mistakes. Between 20 to 50 percent of cancer patients who undergo surgery end up experiencing a local…

What is Tuberculosis? Tuberculosis, otherwise known as TB, is a bacterial infection that is often centered in the lungs but can spread to any part of the body through lymph nodes and bloodstream. It sparks from the transfer of droplets of microscopic bacteria in the air from one individual to another. What Systems the Disease Affects? Tuberculosis mainly affects the respiratory system in the lungs and is commonly known as pulmonary tuberculosis. However, other organs in the body…

trachomatis is higher when endocervical cells are obtained with a cytobrush than with a swab. The sensitivity may also be affected by the stage of the disease at which the specimen is collected. For example, the detection of herpes simplex virus by fluorescence, immunology, or culture is highest when specimens from lesions in the vesicular stage of infection are…